Rig Veda 1.77.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 77, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.77

Rishi: Gautama

Devata: Agni (with allied ‘mighty ones’ implied—often Maruts/auxiliary powers of force)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स नो नृणां नृतमो रिशादा अग्निर्गिरोऽवसा वेतु धीतिम् । तना च ये मघवानः शविष्ठा वाजप्रसूता इषयन्त मन्म ॥

Transliteration

sá no nṛṇā́ṃ nṛtámo riśā́dā agnír gíro ’vá sā vetu dhī́tim | tánā ca yé maghávānaḥ śáviṣṭhā vā́ja prasūtā iṣáyanta mánma ||

Translation

ହାନିକାରକଙ୍କ ସଂହାରକ, ନରମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ସର୍ବାଧିକ ନୃତମ ଅଗ୍ନି—ସେ ନିଜ ଅନୁଗ୍ରହ ସହିତ ଆମ ପାଖକୁ ଆସୁନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ଆମ ଧୀ (ପ୍ରେରିତ ବାଣୀ)କୁ ସିଦ୍ଧିକୁ ନେଇଯାଉନ୍ତୁ। ଏବଂ ସେଇ ମହାବାନ, ସର୍ବାଧିକ ଶବିଷ୍ଠ ଶକ୍ତିମାନ ବଳ—ବାଜ (ବଳ-ସମୃଦ୍ଧି)ରୁ ପ୍ରେରିତ—ଆମ ମନନକୁ ଆଗକୁ ଧକ୍କା ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।

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Word by Word

• सः: he (that one)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नृणाम्: of men
• नृणाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृतमः: the most manly / best among men
• नृतमः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृतम (प्रातिपदिक; नृ + -तम superl.)

• रिशादाः: destroyer of harm / harm-devouring
• रिशादाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रिशाद (प्रातिपदिक; रिश ‘harm’ + आद ‘eater/slayer’)

• अग्निः: Agni (Fire)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• गिरः: songs / hymns
• गिरः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अवसा: with help / through favor
• अवसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वेतु: may (he) pursue/bring/attain
• वेतु: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वे (वेञ् गतौ/प्राप्तौ) धातु

• धीतीम्: (our) thought / prayer / devotion
• धीतीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धीति (प्रातिपदिक)

• तना: personally / with (his) own self
• तना: Karaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तन (अव्यय; ‘in person/with one’s body’, Vedic) अथवा तन्-प्रातिपदिक-तृतीया

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मघवानः: the bountiful ones / patrons
• मघवानः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• शविष्ठाः: the strongest
• शविष्ठाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शविष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; शवीयस्/शवस् ‘strength’ + -इष्ठ superl.)

• वाजप्रसूताः: impelled by the prize / urged on to victory
• वाजप्रसूताः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाज-प्रसूत (समास-प्रातिपदिक; वाज ‘prize/strength’ + प्रसूत ‘impelled/produced’)

• इषयन्त: they impel / set in motion
• इषयन्त: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इष् (इषु इच्छायाम्/प्रेरणे) धातु

• मन्म: the thought / hymn / intent
• मन्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्मन्/मन्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thought, hymn, purpose’)