Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 36, Shloka 20

बालकाण्ड सर्ग ३६

गङ्गा-प्रभवप्रश्नः, शिवतेजोधारणं, कार्त्तिकेय-जन्म, उमाशापः

Devanagari script

अथ शैलसुता राम त्रिदशानिदमब्रवीत्।समन्युरशपत्सर्वान् क्रोधसंरक्तलोचना।।।।

Transliteration

atha śailasutā rāma tridaśān idam abravīt |

samanyur aśapat sarvān krodhasaṁraktalocanā ||

Translation

ତାପରେ, ହେ ରାମ, ଶୈଳସୁତା ଦେବୀ ତ୍ରିଦଶ ଦେବମାନଙ୍କୁ ଏହି କଥା କହିଲେ; କ୍ରୋଧରେ ରକ୍ତ ହୋଇଥିବା ନୟନ ସହିତ ସେ ରୋଷେ ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କୁ ଶାପ ଦେଲେ।

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereafter
• अथ: सम्बन्ध/प्रकरणसूचक (discourse connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमसूचक/अनन्तरार्थक (indeclinable; then/thereafter)

• शैलसुता: the mountain's daughter (Pārvatī)
• शैलसुता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैलसुता (प्रातिपदिक) = शैल + सुता
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन (Singular)

• राम: O Rāma
• राम: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative); एकवचन

• त्रिदशान्: the gods (thirty-three)
• त्रिदशान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• इदम्: this (speech/these words)
• इदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• समन्युः: with anger
• समन्युः: कर्ता-विशेषण (subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of implied speaker)

• अशपत्: cursed
• अशपत्: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शप् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: कर्म-विशेषण (object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; बहुवचन; विशेषण (of त्रिदशान्)

• क्रोधसंरक्तलोचना: having eyes reddened with anger
• क्रोधसंरक्तलोचना: कर्ता-विशेषण (subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रोध-संरक्त-लोचना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (one whose eyes are reddened by anger)

Context

"Rama! thereafter Uma, daughter of the mountain (Himavan) with her eyes red with anger cursed all of them:

Characters & Entities

• Umā (Śailasutā)
• Devas (Tridaśa)
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma warns against actions that provoke justified moral consequence: wrongdoing (or disrespect) invites retribution, even for the powerful.

What is the narrative situation?

Umā, angered by the Devas’ interference, addresses them and initiates a curse.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral assertiveness (though expressed through wrath): Umā enforces consequence for a perceived violation of rightful order.