Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 15, Shloka 12

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तस्सुरैस्सर्वैश्चिन्तयित्वा ततोऽब्रवीत्।हन्तायं विदितस्तस्य वधोपायो दुरात्मन:।।1.15.12।।

Transliteration

evam uktaḥ suraiḥ sarvaiś cintayitvā tato ’bravīt | hanta ayaṃ viditas tasya vadhopāyo durātmanaḥ ||

Translation

ସମସ୍ତ ଦେବତା ଏଭଳି କହିଲାପରେ ବ୍ରହ୍ମା ଚିନ୍ତା କରି କହିଲେ: “ହଁ, ଏବେ ସେଇ ଦୁରାତ୍ମାର ବଧୋପାୟ ଜଣା ପଡ଼ିଲା।”

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• एवम्: Sambandha/Prakāra (सम्बन्ध/प्रकार; manner adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb)

• उक्तः: having been addressed/spoken to
• उक्तः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-अन्वय; predicate adjective to implied subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle)

• सुरैः: by the gods
• सुरैः: Karana (करण; instrument/agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन (instrumental plural)

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: Karana (करण; with सुरैः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of सुरैः)

• चिन्तयित्वा: having reflected
• चिन्तयित्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; adverbial to अब्रवीत्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिन्त् (धातु) → चिन्तयित्वा (क्त्वान्त अव्यय/gerund)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (prior action)

• ततः: then
• ततः: Deśa/Kāla-adhikaraṇa (देश/काल-अधिकरण; then)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb of sequence)

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Kriyā (क्रिया; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• हन्त: indeed!, well then!
• हन्त: Sambodhana-prayoga (सम्बोधन-प्रयोग; exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हन्त (अव्यय/निपात)
• Form: निपात (particle; exclamatory/interjective)

• अयम्: this (means/plan)
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता; subject of विदितः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• विदितः: known
• विदितः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-अन्वय; predicate adjective to अयम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विद् (धातु) → विदित (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) — ‘known’

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (genitive singular)

• वधोपायः: means/strategy of killing
• वधोपायः: Karta (कर्ता; subject of implied ‘asti’/copula with विदितः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक) + उपाय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वधस्य उपायः = means of killing)

• दुरात्मनः: of the wicked-minded one
• दुरात्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive dependent of वधोपायः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन (genitive singular)

Context

After listening to the words of the devatas and reflecting over the matter, Brahma said, "Oh, the means of destruction of that wicked (rakshasa) has struck my mind".

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Devas
• Rāvaṇa (implied as the durātmā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes wise planning: defeating adharma requires discernment and an appropriate method, not mere anger.

What is the narrative situation?

Brahmā, after hearing the gods, announces that he has identified the solution for the rākṣasa’s destruction.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Brahmā’s discernment (viveka) and calm authority in resolving a cosmic crisis.