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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 67, Shloka 20

अयोध्यायां शोक-रात्रिः तथा अराजक-राष्ट्रस्य नीतिविचारः

The Night of Lamentation in Ayodhya and the Political Ethics of a Kingless Realm

नाराजके जनपदे बद्धघण्टाविषाणिनः।अटन्ति राजमार्गेषु कुञ्जरा षष्टिहायनाः।।।।

nārājake janapade baddhaghaṇṭāviṣāṇinaḥ | aṭanti rājamārgeṣu kuñjarā ṣaṣṭihāyanāḥ ||

ରାଜା ନଥିବା ଜନପଦରେ ଘଣ୍ଟା ଓ ବିଷାଣରେ ସଜ୍ଜିତ ଦନ୍ତବାନ, ଷଷ୍ଟି ବର୍ଷର ବୃଦ୍ଧ କୁଞ୍ଜରମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ ରାଜମାର୍ଗରେ ଅଟନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ।

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
arājakein a kingless (state)
arājake:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-rājaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
janapadein the country
janapade:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanapada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
baddhaghaṇṭāviṣāṇinaḥhaving tusks/horns with bells fastened
baddhaghaṇṭāviṣāṇinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootbaddha-ghaṇṭā-viṣāṇin (प्रातिपदिक; बद्ध + घण्टा + विषाणिन्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (बद्धा घण्टा यस्य विषाणे/दन्ते सः)
aṭantiwander
aṭanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√aṭ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
rājamārgeṣuon the highways
rājamārgeṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootrāja-mārga (प्रातिपदिक; राजन् + मार्ग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (राज्ञः मार्गः/राजमार्गः)
kuñjarāḥelephants
kuñjarāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkuñjara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ṣaṣṭihāyanāḥsixty years old
ṣaṣṭihāyanāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣaṣṭi-hāyana (प्रातिपदिक; षष्टि + हायन)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (षष्टिः हायनानि येषाम्)

In a country without a king, young elephants of sixty years of age, their tusks adorned with bells no longer wander about on the highways.

K
kuñjara (elephant)

FAQs

A stable kingship is a dharmic necessity for public order: even symbols of prosperity and royal culture (processional elephants on highways) vanish when rule is absent.

The speakers culminate their depiction of disorder by showing that even regulated, prestigious public movement on main roads ceases in a kingless state.

Administrative order and visible security—virtues by which a realm’s confidence, prosperity, and civic normalcy are maintained.