Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 14

अयोध्यायाः शोकवर्णनम्

Ayodhya’s Lament and Civic Desolation

Devanagari script

प्रस्रविष्यन्ति तोयानि विमलानि महीधराः।विदर्शयन्तो विविधान् भूयश्चित्रांश्च निर्झरान्।।2.48.14।।

Transliteration

prasraviṣyanti toyāni vimalāni mahīdharāḥ |

vidarśayanto vividhān bhūyaś citrāṃś ca nirjharān || 2.48.14 ||

Translation

ମହୀଧରମାନେ ନିର୍ମଳ ଜଳ ଝରାଇବେ ଏବଂ ପୁନଃପୁନଃ ନାନାପ୍ରକାର ମନୋହର, ଚିତ୍ରବିଚିତ୍ର ନିର୍ଝର ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରିବେ।

Word by Word

• prasraviṣyanti: will flow forth
• prasraviṣyanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√sru (धातु)
• Form: Future (लृट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Plural

• toyāni: waters
• toyāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• vimalāni: clear; pure
• vimalāni: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vimala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural; qualifying toyāni

• mahīdharāḥ: mountains
• mahīdharāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī-dhara (प्रातिपदिक; mahī + dhara)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; 'earth-bearers' = mountains

• vidarśayantaḥ: showing
• vidarśayantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; agreeing with mahīdharāḥ

• vividhān: various
• vividhān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural; qualifying nirjharān

• bhūyaḥ: again and again
• bhūyaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhūyaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण), 'again and again; moreover'

• citrān: picturesque; wonderful
• citrān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: citra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural; qualifying nirjharān

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• nirjharān: waterfalls; cascades
• nirjharān: Karma (कर्म; object of vidarśayantaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirjhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Context

The mountains, displaying various wonderful streams here and there, will flow with pellucid waters (for Rama).

Characters & Entities

• mountains (mahīdharāḥ/girayaḥ)
• waterfalls (nirjhara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is associated with purity and sustenance: pure waters symbolize the sustaining order that accompanies the righteous, even in adversity.

What is the narrative situation?

The speakers continue describing how the natural landscape will provide refreshment and beauty for Rama in the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s harmonizing presence—his life of Dharma is imagined to draw forth purity and abundance.