Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 48

रामदर्शनार्थं दारानयनम्

The Queens Summoned; Rama’s Leave-Taking and Dasaratha’s Collapse

Devanagari script

त्वामहं सत्यमिच्छामि नानृतं पुरुषर्षभ।प्रत्यक्षं तव सत्येन सुकृतेन च ते शपे।।।।

Transliteration

tvām ahaṁ satyam icchāmi nānṛtaṁ puruṣarṣabha |

pratyakṣaṁ tava satyena sukṛtena ca te śape ||

Translation

ହେ ପୁରୁଷଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ, ମୁଁ ତୁମକୁ ସତ୍ୟରେ ଦୃଢ଼ ରହିବାକୁ ଚାହେଁ, ଅସତ୍ୟରେ ନୁହେଁ। ତୁମ ସମ୍ମୁଖରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟକ୍ଷ, ସତ୍ୟ ଓ ମୋର ଅର୍ଜିତ ପୁଣ୍ୟର ଶପଥ କରି କହୁଛି।

Word by Word

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• satyam: truth
• satyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; (अर्थतः) 'truth' as object of desire

• icchāmi: desire
• icchāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (इष्) (धातु)
• Form: लट्, परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध

• anṛtam: falsehood
• anṛtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• puruṣarṣabha: O best of men
• puruṣarṣabha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'पुरुषेषु ऋषभः'

• pratyakṣam: in your presence
• pratyakṣam: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pratyakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् नपुंसक-द्वितीया-एकवचनप्रयोग; क्रियाविशेषण: 'in your presence/manifestly'

• tava: your
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• satyena: by truth
• satyena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; शपथ-करण (instrument of oath)

• sukṛtena: by (my) merit/good deed
• sukṛtena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (conjunction)

• te: to you
• te: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• śape: I swear
• śape: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śap (शप्) (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

I wish you, O best of men, to uphold truth and not falsehood. I swear this in your presence in the name of truth and on my merits acquired.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Satya (Truth)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya as dharma’s pillar: truthfulness and fidelity to one’s word are treated as sacred obligations.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma presses Daśaratha to uphold truth and reinforces his own stance with an oath.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-commitment (satya-niṣṭhā) and moral seriousness expressed through solemn oath.