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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 20, Shloka 50

अयोध्याकाण्डे विंशः सर्गः

Rama Enters Kauśalyā’s Antaḥpura; Ritual Preparations and the Shock of Exile

ममैव नूनं मरणं न विद्यतेन चावकाऽशोस्ति यमक्षयेऽमम।यदन्तकोऽद्यैव न मां जिहीर्षति।प्रसह्य सिंहो रुदतीं मृगीमिव।।।।

mamaiva nūnaṃ maraṇaṃ na vidyate na cāvakāśo 'sti yamakṣaye mama | yad antako 'dyaiva na māṃ jihīrṣati prasahya siṃho rudatīṃ mṛgīm iva ||

ନିଶ୍ଚୟ ମୋ ପାଖକୁ ମୃତ୍ୟୁ ଆସୁନାହିଁ, ଯମଲୋକରେ ମୋର ସ୍ଥାନ ମଧ୍ୟ ନାହିଁ; କାରଣ ଅନ୍ତକ ଆଜି ମଧ୍ୟ ମୋତେ ବଳପୂର୍ବକ ଧରିନେଉନାହିଁ—ଯେପରି ସିଂହ କାନ୍ଦୁଥିବା ହରିଣୀକୁ ଛିନିନେଇଯାଏ।

ममof me / my
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (pronoun)
एवindeed / only
एव:
सम्बन्ध-विशेषण (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
Formनिपात (particle), अव्यय
नूनम्certainly
नूनम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb of certainty)
मरणम्death
मरणम्:
कर्ता (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
क्रिया-निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negative particle), अव्यय
विद्यतेexists / is found / befalls
विद्यते:
क्रिया (predicate verb)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु) (लट्-लकार, आत्मनेपद)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada)
not
:
क्रिया-निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negative particle), अव्यय
and
:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction), अव्यय
अवकाशःopportunity / scope
अवकाशः:
कर्ता (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअवकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
अस्तिis / exists
अस्ति:
क्रिया (predicate verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु) (लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
यमक्षयेin Yama's abode
यमक्षये:
अधिकरण (location)
TypeNoun
Rootयम + क्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: यमस्य क्षयः), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
ममfor me / of me
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/for me)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (pronoun)
यत्since / because
यत्:
हेतु (cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (हेतु/कारणार्थक: 'यत्' = since/because)
अन्तकःAntaka (Yama, Death)
अन्तकः:
कर्ता (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
अद्यtoday / now
अद्य:
कालाधिकरण (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
एवindeed / itself
एव:
सम्बन्ध-विशेषण (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
Formनिपात (particle), अव्यय
not
:
क्रिया-निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negative particle), अव्यय
माम्me
माम्:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (pronoun)
जिहीर्षतिwishes to take away / carry off
जिहीर्षति:
क्रिया (predicate verb)
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (धातु) + सन् (इच्छार्थक)
Formसन्नन्त-धातु (desiderative: जिहीर्ष-), लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
प्रसह्यforcibly
प्रसह्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र + सह् (धातु) (क्त्वा/ल्यप्)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), क्रियाविशेषण
सिंहःlion
सिंहः:
कर्ता (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
रुदतीम्crying
रुदतीम्:
कर्म-विशेषण (qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootरुद् (धातु) (शतृ-प्रत्यय)
Formवर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
मृगीम्a doe / female deer
मृगीम्:
कर्म (object, in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootमृगी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
इवlike / as
इव:
उपमान-सम्बन्ध (simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (उपमा-अव्यय)
Formउपमार्थक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

There is no room for me in the abode of Yama (the god of death). If he does notcarry me off forcibly like a lion carrying away a crying female deer, certainly there is no death for me.

Y
Yama
R
Rāma

FAQs

It reveals truthful speech in suffering; Dharma does not deny grief, but gives it voice without turning it into cruelty or deceit.

Overwhelmed by separation, Kausalyā speaks as if death itself refuses to take her, intensifying the tragedy of having to live through the loss of Rāma.

Emotional authenticity—her lament is extreme but sincere, showing the human cost behind epic duty.