Shloka 28

तत्रोपवासो विहितः कथं तद्वद सूतज । सौतिरुवाच । यदा न प्राप्यते विप्रा द्वादश्यां पूर्वसम्भवम् ॥ २८ ॥

tatropavāso vihitaḥ kathaṃ tadvada sūtaja | sautiruvāca | yadā na prāpyate viprā dvādaśyāṃ pūrvasambhavam || 28 ||

ସେଠାରେ ଉପବାସ କିପରି ବିଧିବଦ୍ଧ? ହେ ସୂତପୁତ୍ର, କହ। ସୌତି କହିଲେ— ହେ ବିପ୍ରମାନେ! ଯେତେବେଳେ ଦ୍ୱାଦଶୀରେ ପୂର୍ବସମ୍ଭବ (ଯୋଗ୍ୟ) ସମୟ ମିଳେ ନାହିଁ…

tatrathere/in that case
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formदेश/प्रसङ्गवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb ‘there/in that case’)
upavāsaḥthe fast
upavāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootupavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
vihitaḥprescribed
vihitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + √dhā (धातु) → vihita (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘prescribed/ordained’ (qualifying upavāsaḥ)
kathamhow
katham:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (how)
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘that’ (object of vada)
vadatell
vada:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vad (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; ‘tell’
sūtajaO son of Sūta
sūtaja:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta-ja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘सूतस्य जः/जः’ = son of Sūta; संबोधनम्
sautiḥSauti
sautiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsauti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; वक्ता (Sauti)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; ‘said’
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (when)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (not)
prāpyateis obtained/occurs
prāpyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + √āp (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः ‘is obtained/occurs’
viprāḥO brāhmaṇas
viprāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), बहुवचन; ‘O brāhmaṇas’ (address)
dvādaśyāmon Dvādaśī
dvādaśyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdvādaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
pūrva-sambhavamprior occurrence
pūrva-sambhavam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva + sambhava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘पूर्वः सम्भवः’ = prior occurrence; prāpyate इत्यस्य कर्म (object)

Sauti (narrator responding in dialogue)

Vrata: Ekādaśī/Dvādaśī fast (case resolution begins)

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"none","emotional_journey":"A procedural pivot: the assembly presses for the rule, and the narrator begins the conditional answer, building anticipation for the determination."}

S
Suta
S
Sauti
V
Vipra

FAQs

It frames vrata as dharma governed by correct timing (tithi), implying that devotion expressed through fasting must be aligned with prescribed sacred time rather than performed arbitrarily.

By asking how to perform upavāsa correctly when conditions are unclear, the text emphasizes disciplined bhakti—devotion expressed through careful observance of vows and scriptural procedure.

It points to calendrical computation of tithis (a Jyotiṣa-linked practice) used to decide the proper day for fasting, especially around Ekādaśī–Dvādaśī observances.