Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 39

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

प्रत्यङ् पुमान्महान् धीमान् विद्वान्षट् पिपठीश्च दोः । उशनासाविंमे पुंसि स्यारक्तलविरामकाः ॥ ३९ ॥

Transliteration

pratyaṅ pumānmahān dhīmān vidvānṣaṭ pipaṭhīśca doḥ | uśanāsāviṃme puṃsi syāraktalavirāmakāḥ || 39 ||

Translation

ଅନ୍ତର୍ମୁଖ ପୁରୁଷ ମହାନ—ବୁଦ୍ଧିରେ ସ୍ଥିର ଓ ସତ୍ୟରେ ବିଦ୍ୱାନ। ସେହି ପୁରୁଷରେ ଛଅ (ଅନ୍ତର୍ନିୟମ) ସୁପଠିତ, ଦୁଇ (ବାହ୍ୟ ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟ) ସଂଯମିତ; ତେଣୁ ରାଗ ଓ ଆସକ୍ତିର ବେଗ ଥମିଯାଏ।

Word by Word

• प्रत्यङ्: turned inward; facing backward
• प्रत्यङ्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रत्यञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)

• पुमान्: man
• पुमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• महान्: great
• महान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• धीमान्: intelligent
• धीमान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• विद्वान्: learned
• विद्वान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• षट्: six
• षट्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षष्/षट् (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याशब्द; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-सम्भाव्य, बहुवचनार्थ (six)

• पिपठीः: (a feminine noun) pipaṭhī (name/term)
• पिपठीः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिपठी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (as listed form); शब्दरूप-विशेष (lexical item)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• दोः: arm
• दोः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष्/दोः (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nominative/Accusative), एकवचन; 'arm' (irregular stem)

• उशनासौ: the two (forms) 'Uśanas'
• उशनासौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उशनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual)

• इमे: these
• इमे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पुंसि: in the masculine (gender) / in 'pum' usage
• पुंसि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुंस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• स्युः: would be / are (in rule)
• स्युः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)

• रक्त-ल-विरामकाः: (forms) ending with 'rakta' and 'la' (virāmaka-type endings)
• रक्त-ल-विरामकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक) + ल (वर्ण/प्रातिपदिक) + विरामक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (समाहार/निर्देश); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the Moksha-dharma section)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It praises the pratyak (inward-turned) seeker as truly wise: mastery of inner disciplines and restraint of outward impulses leads to the cessation of passion and attachment, which is a direct marker of progress toward moksha.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing inwardness and restraint, it supports bhakti as a focused, single-pointed turning of the mind away from sense-objects and toward the Lord within; devotion becomes steady when passion and attachment subside.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse uses the language of disciplined recitation and mastery (as in śikṣā/adhyayana) but applies it inwardly: the practical takeaway is indriya-nigraha (sense-control) and repeated internal practice rather than external display.