Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 58, Shloka 71

Adhyaya 58 — The Kurma-Form of Narayana: Mapping Bharata through Nakshatras, Regions, and Planetary Afflictions

Sanskrit

अद्रोहः सर्वभूतेषु मैत्रीं कुर्याच्च पण्डितः ।

वर्जयेदसतीं वाचमतिवादांस्तथैव च ॥

Transliteration

adrohaḥ sarvabhūteṣu maitrīṃ kuryāc ca paṇḍitaḥ / varjayed asatīṃ vācam ativādāṃs tathaiva ca //

Translation

ବିଦ୍ୱାନ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରାଣୀ ପ୍ରତି ଅହିଂସକ ହୋଇ ମୈତ୍ରୀଭାବ ପୋଷଣ କରୁ; ଅସତ୍ୟ/ଅଶୁଦ୍ଧ ବାକ୍ୟ ବର୍ଜନ କରୁ ଏବଂ ଅତିବାକ୍ୟ ମଧ୍ୟ ତ୍ୟାଗ କରୁ।

Word by Word

• adrohaḥ: non-harming/non-hostility
• adrohaḥ: Karma (कर्म/what is to be practiced)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a-droha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• sarva-bhūteṣu: towards/in all beings
• sarva-bhūteṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (सर्वाणि भूतानि)

• maitrīm: friendliness
• maitrīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maitrī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• kuryāt: should do/practice
• kuryāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• paṇḍitaḥ: the learned man
• paṇḍitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• varjayet: should avoid
• varjayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛj (वृज्/वर्ज् धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• asatīm: untrue/impure
• asatīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-satī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• vācam: speech/words
• vācam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• ati-vādān: excessive talk/over-argumentation
• ati-vādān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + vāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (अतिवादाः = अत्यधिकवादाः)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकार/समुच्चयवाचक (adverb: 'likewise')

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (particle of emphasis)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

Speakers

• Not explicit in provided excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Ahimsa
• Maitrī
• Speech ethics
• Self-restraint

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The pacification program culminates in character: friendliness and truthful, measured speech are presented as stabilizers against misfortune and social disturbance.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/ācāra teaching; ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Speech is treated as causative power; controlling ‘asatī vāk’ and ‘ativāda’ is a subtle śānti, reducing karmic and social turbulence.