Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 31

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

तथातिवादसहनाच्छास्त्राचारनिषेवणात् ।

धान्यं खलाद् गृहाद् गोभ्यः पयः सर्पिस्तथापरा ॥

Transliteration

tathā ativāda-sahanāc chāstra-ācāra-niṣevaṇāt / dhānyaṃ khalād gṛhād gobhyaḥ payaḥ sarpis tathā aparā

Translation

ସେହିପରି କଠୋର ବାକ୍ୟ ସହିବାରୁ ଏବଂ ଶାସ୍ତ୍ରୀୟ ଓ ଲୋକାଚାର ପାଳନରୁ ମଧ୍ୟ (ରକ୍ଷା ମିଳେ)। ଖଳିହାଣରୁ ଧାନ୍ୟ ଓ ଘରକୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବା ଉଚିତ; ଗାଈଠାରୁ ଦୁଧ ଓ ଘିଅ—ଏଭଳି ଅନ୍ୟ କ୍ଷେତ୍ରରେ ମଧ୍ୟ।

Word by Word

• tathā: likewise/thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/likewise')

• ati-vāda-sahanāt: from enduring excessive talk/abuse
• ati-vāda-sahanāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + vāda (प्रातिपदिक) + sahana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (ativādasya sahanaṃ); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• śāstra-ācāra-niṣevaṇāt: from practicing scriptural conduct
• śāstra-ācāra-niṣevaṇāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śāstra (प्रातिपदिक) + ācāra (प्रातिपदिक) + niṣevaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (śāstrācārasya niṣevaṇam); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• dhānyam: grain
• dhānyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhānya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (contextually: item obtained/offered)

• khalāt: from the threshing-floor/barn
• khalāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• gṛhāt: from the house
• gṛhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• gobhyaḥ: from cows
• gobhyaḥ: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (गो), चतुर्थी/पञ्चमी (Dative/Ablative), बहुवचन; here: source

• payaḥ: milk
• payaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: payas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• sarpiḥ: ghee
• sarpiḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarpis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय

• aparā: another (one)
• aparā: Karta/Viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aparā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (elliptic: 'another [thing/measure]')

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Forbearance
• Śāstric conduct
• Household economy
• Protection of resources

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Social peace (enduring harsh speech) and fidelity to śāstra/ācāra are treated as practical safeguards for a household’s prosperity; ethical steadiness supports material stability.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma and household instruction (ācāra), not directly one of the five defining purāṇic topics.

What is the esoteric significance?

Grain, milk, and ghee represent ‘stored merit’ and nourishment; forbearance and right conduct prevent leakage of energy through conflict and disorder, preserving the ‘ojas’ of the home.