Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 45, Shloka 62

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

महदाद्या विशेषान्ता ह्यण्डमुत्पादयन्ति ते ।

जलबुद्बुदवत्तत्र क्रमाद्वै वृद्धिमागतम् ॥

Transliteration

mahadādyā viśeṣāntā hyaṇḍamutpādayanti te / jalabudbudavattatra kramādvai vṛddhimāgatam

Translation

ମହତ୍ ଆଦି ତତ୍ତ୍ୱମାନେ ଏବଂ ବିଶେଷାନ୍ତ ତତ୍ତ୍ୱମାନେ ମିଶି ବିଶ୍ୱାଣ୍ଡକୁ ଉତ୍ପାଦନ କଲେ। ସେଠାରେ ତାହା ଜଳ ଉପରେ ବୁଦ୍ବୁଦ ପରି ଧୀରେ ଧୀରେ ବଢ଼ିଲା।

Word by Word

• mahat-ādyāḥ: beginning with Mahat
• mahat-ādyāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (beginning with Mahat), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying 'te')

• viśeṣa-antāḥ: ending with Viśeṣa
• viśeṣa-antāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (ending with Viśeṣa), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)

• aṇḍam: the cosmic egg
• aṇḍam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• utpādayanti: produce, generate
• utpādayanti: Kriyā (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-pad (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; causative sense from utpādayati (to produce)

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• jala-budbuda-vat: like a water-bubble
• jala-budbuda-vat: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/comparative qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक) + budbuda (प्रातिपदिक) + -vat (तद्धित)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास + वत्-प्रत्यय (possessive/comparative: 'like'), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable-like in comparison); अर्थे—उपमा (simile)

• tatra: there, in that (egg)
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb: there/in that)

• kramāt: gradually, in sequence
• kramāt: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: krama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययीभूत (ablative used adverbially): क्रमात् = 'in due order/gradually'

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• vṛddhim: growth, increase
• vṛddhim: Karma (कर्म/object of 'āgatam' in sense 'attained')
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• āgatam: having attained (grown)
• āgatam: Kriyā (क्रियापद-विशेषण/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र 'aṇḍam' इति विशेष्येण सह (agreeing with 'aṇḍam'): 'having attained'

Speakers

• Narrative discourse within cosmological teaching (frame-speaker not explicit in the given excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Hiraṇyagarbha / cosmic egg imagery
• Mahat
• Gradual manifestation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Manifestation is incremental: the world emerges through stages from cosmic intelligence down to gross particulars. This supports patience and respect for process—both in cosmology and in personal cultivation.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: the arising of the cosmic egg is a classic marker of primary creation narratives in Purāṇas.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘bubble on water’ conveys fragility and contingency of manifested forms: worlds appear, expand, and can dissolve. It also hints at the contained ‘womb’ of consciousness where a cosmos can be held as a single experiential unit.