Shloka 36

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

त्रीणि ज्योतींषि वर्णाश्च त्रयो धर्मागमास्तथा ।

त्रयो गुणास्त्रयः शब्दस्त्रयो वेदास्तथाश्रमाः ॥

Transliteration

trīṇi jyotīṃṣi varṇāś ca trayo dharmāgamās tathā | trayo guṇās trayaḥ śabdas trayo vedās tathāśramāḥ ||

Translation

ତିନି ପ୍ରକାଶ ଅଛି, ଏବଂ ବର୍ଣ୍ଣମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ ତିନି; ସେହିପରି ଧାର୍ମିକ ପରମ୍ପରା/ଉପଦେଶ ମଧ୍ୟ ତିନି। ତିନି ଗୁଣ, ତିନି ସ୍ୱର (ବେଦୀୟ ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ), ତିନି ବେଦ, ଏବଂ ସେହିପରି ଆଶ୍ରମମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ ତ୍ରିରୂପ।

Word by Word

• त्रीणि: three
• त्रीणि: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; संख्याविशेषण qualifying ज्योतींषि

• ज्योतींषि: lights/luminaries
• ज्योतींषि: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

• वर्णाः: social classes/varṇas
• वर्णाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; संख्याविशेषण qualifying धर्मागमाः

• धर्म-आगमाः: scriptural traditions of dharma
• धर्म-आगमाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + आगम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: ‘धर्मस्य आगमाः’), पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/अनुक्रमसूचक (also/likewise)

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; संख्याविशेषण qualifying गुणाः

• गुणाः: qualities (guṇas)
• गुणाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; संख्याविशेषण qualifying शब्दः (collective)

• शब्दः: sound/word (as a triad)
• शब्दः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative singular); जातिवाचक-एकवचन (collective singular)

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति; संख्याविशेषण qualifying वेदाः

• वेदाः: Vedas
• वेदाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/अनुक्रमसूचक (also)

• आश्रमाः: stages of life (āśramas)
• आश्रमाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

Speakers

• Hymn addressed to Devi

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devi (Mahadevi)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi as the organizing principle behind cosmic
• linguistic
• and social orders

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Sāṃkhya (guṇas)
• Vedic phonetics
• Dharma frameworks
• Cosmology

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The hymn portrays Devi as the hidden unity behind diverse orders—cosmic (luminaries), psychological (guṇas), linguistic (śabda/accents), and social-spiritual (varṇa/āśrama). The takeaway is integrative: dharma and knowledge are harmonized when seen as rooted in the divine.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Relates chiefly to 'Dharma' (social and Vedic order) and secondarily to 'Sarga' (cosmic ordering), presented through a mantra-theological lens.

What is the esoteric significance?

Triads are meditative correspondences anchored in Om’s three mātrās; the verse suggests that even grammar/phonetics and social duties can be contemplated as expressions of Śakti’s patterned manifestation.