Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 19, Shloka 28

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

तेनैव च तपस्तप्तं संग्रामेष्वभिचेष्टितम् ।

तस्यार्धिमतिमानञ्च दृष्ट्वा प्राहाङ्गिरा मुनिः ॥

Transliteration

tenaiva ca tapastaptaṃ saṃgrāmeṣvabhiceṣṭitam / tasyārdhimatimānañca dṛṣṭvā prāhāṅgirā muniḥ

Translation

ସେ ତପସ୍ୟା କଲେ ଏବଂ ଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ପରାକ୍ରମ କଲେ। ତାଙ୍କର ସମୃଦ୍ଧି ଓ ମନର ଉନ୍ନତି/ଗର୍ବ ଦେଖି ଋଷି ଅଙ୍ଗିରା କହିଲେ।

Word by Word

• तेन: by him
• तेन: करण (Karana/Instrument; agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: सम्बन्ध (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: कर्म (Karma; object of ‘performed’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तप्तम्: was practiced/performed
• तप्तम्: क्रिया (verbal predicate with तपः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘was practiced’

• संग्रामेषु: in battles
• संग्रामेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• अभिचेष्टितम्: was vigorously exerted/undertaken
• अभिचेष्टितम्: क्रिया (verbal predicate; coordinated with तप्तम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + चेष्ट् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘was striven/endeavoured’

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अर्धिमतिमानम्: him, of lofty intellect
• अर्धिमतिमानम्: कर्म (Karma; object of दृष्ट्वा)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्धि + मतिमान् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: अर्ध्या मति: यस्य (having lofty/valuable intellect)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Gerund; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), पूर्वकाल (prior action)

• प्राह: said
• प्राह: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + अह्/ब्रू (धातु; परस्मैपद)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• आङ्गिराः: Āṅgirā (the sage)
• आङ्गिराः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आङ्गिरस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (ऋषिनाम-प्रयोग; प्रथमा एकवचन)

• मुनिः: sage
• मुनिः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speakers

• Jaḍa (narrator); Aṅgiras is introduced as the next speaker_toggle speaker

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Tapas and kṣātra valor
• Prosperity and ego-risk
• Sage’s admonition
• Ethics of power

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even legitimate success (ṛddhi) and disciplined effort (tapas, battle-valor) can generate atimāna (over-pride). The arrival of a ṛṣi’s speech signals the puranic pattern: power must be checked by wisdom.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: a turning point in the king’s narrative where a sage intervenes to interpret and regulate royal power.

What is the esoteric significance?

Tapas and battle-effort represent inner heat and outward force; atimāna is the subtle impurity that can arise from both—Aṅgiras functions as the ‘discernment principle’ correcting imbalance.