Shloka 10

अभिमन्यु-पराक्रमवर्णनम्

Abhimanyu’s Prowess and the Duḥśāsana Engagement

Devanagari script

शल्यश्रातर्यथारुग्णे बहुशस्तस्य सैनिका: । कुलाधिवासनामानि श्रावयन्तो<र्जुनात्मजम्‌

Transliteration

śalyaśātrair yathārugṇe bahuśastasya sainikāḥ | kulādhivāsanāmāni śrāvayanto 'rjunātmajam ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ଯେପରି ଅନେକ ଶସ୍ତ୍ରରେ ଆହତ ରୋଗୀଙ୍କୁ ପରିଚାରକମାନେ ନାମ ଧରି ଡାକନ୍ତି, ସେପରି ସେନାମାନେ ନିଜ ନିଜ କୁଳ ଓ ବଂଶପରମ୍ପରାର ନାମ ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ କରି ଅର୍ଜୁନପୁତ୍ରଙ୍କୁ ଡାକୁଥିଲେ।

Word by Word

• शल्यशस्त्रैः: with darts and weapons
• शल्यशस्त्रैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्यशस्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• यथा: as/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• रुग्णे: in/for one who is wounded/sick
• रुग्णे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुग्ण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• बहुशः: many times/repeatedly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहुशः

• तस्य: of him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• सैनिकाः: soldiers
• सैनिकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैनिक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कुलाधिवासनामानि: names of family residences/lineage seats
• कुलाधिवासनामानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुलाधिवासनामन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• श्रावयन्तः: causing to be heard/reciting aloud
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रावयत्
• Form: Present, —, Plural, Parasmaipada, Present active participle (कर्तरि शतृ)

• अर्जुनात्मजम्: Arjuna's son (Abhimanyu)
• अर्जुनात्मजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुनात्मज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna
• Abhimanyu
• soldiers (sainikāḥ)
• clans/lineages (kula)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in extreme suffering and the moral disorientation of war, people cling to lineage and communal identity (kula-nāma) as a final anchor—suggesting both the power and the limits of social-dharmic markers when confronted with death.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes the battlefield scene around Arjuna’s son Abhimanyu: soldiers are loudly calling out clan and ancestral names, likened to attendants addressing a grievously wounded patient, emphasizing Abhimanyu’s peril and the surrounding confusion and lament.