Shloka 11

अम्बरीषगाथा—गुणत्रयविभागः तथा लोभनिग्रहः

Ambarīṣa’s Gāthā: The Guṇas and the Restraint of Greed

Devanagari script

स तैर्गुणैः संहतदेहबन्धन: पुन: पुनर्जायति कर्म चेहते । जन्मक्षये भिन्नविकीर्णदेहो मृत्युं पुनर्गच्छति जन्मनैव

Transliteration

sa tair guṇaiḥ saṃhatadeha-bandhanaḥ punaḥ punar jāyati karma cehate | janma-kṣaye bhinna-vikīrṇa-deho mṛtyuṃ punaḥ gacchati janmanā eva ||

Translation

ସେଇ ଗୁଣମାନଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଦେହ-ବନ୍ଧନରେ ଦୃଢ଼ ଭାବେ ବନ୍ଧା ହୋଇ ସେ ପୁନଃପୁନଃ ଜନ୍ମ ନେଉଛି ଏବଂ ଏଠାରେ କର୍ମରେ ଲାଗି ରହୁଛି। ଜନ୍ମର ଅବଧି ଶେଷ ହେଲେ ଦେହର ତତ୍ତ୍ୱମାନେ ଭିନ୍ନ ଭିନ୍ନ ହୋଇ ଛିଣ୍ଡି ଛିଣ୍ଡି ଛିଟିଯାନ୍ତି, ସେ ମୃତ୍ୟୁକୁ ପାଏ; ଏବଂ ସେଇ ଧାରାରେ ପୁଣି ଜନ୍ମ–ମୃତ୍ୟୁର ଚକ୍ରରେ ପଡ଼େ।

Word by Word

• सः: he/that (person)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तैः: by/with those
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• गुणैः: by the qualities (guṇas)
• गुणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• संहत-देह-बन्धनः: whose body-bondage is compact/fastened (bound in bodily bondage)
• संहत-देह-बन्धनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संहत (ppp of सम्+हन्) + देह + बन्धन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• पुनः: again (repeatedly)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• जायति: is born
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

• कर्म: action/deed
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ईहते: strives/undertakes (does)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईह्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

• जन्म-क्षये: at the end of life/birth (when life ends)
• जन्म-क्षये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् + क्षय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• भिन्न-विकीर्ण-देहः: whose body is separated and scattered
• भिन्न-विकीर्ण-देहः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भिन्न (ppp of भिद्) + विकीर्ण (ppp of वि+कॄ/किर्) + देह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मृत्युम्: death
• मृत्युम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• गच्छति: goes/attains
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

• जन्मना: by/through birth (i.e., by being born again)
• जन्मना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that the guṇas of prakṛti bind the self to embodiment, driving repeated birth, action, and death; without freedom from guṇa-driven attachment, one continues in saṃsāra.

What is happening in the narrative?

A brāhmaṇa speaker explains the mechanism of transmigration: the being, constrained by guṇas, repeatedly takes birth and performs actions; at life’s end the body disintegrates, death occurs, and the cycle resumes.