Shloka 37

Aśauca-vidhi — Rules of Birth/Death Impurity, Sapinda Circles, and Śrāddha Sequence

Devanagari script

त्रिरात्रं श्वश्रूमरणे श्वशुरे वै तदेव हि / सद्यः शौचं समुद्दिष्टं सगोत्रे संस्थिते सति

Transliteration

trirātraṃ śvaśrūmaraṇe śvaśure vai tadeva hi / sadyaḥ śaucaṃ samuddiṣṭaṃ sagotre saṃsthite sati

Translation

ଶ୍ୱଶ୍ରୁ (ଶାଶୁ) ମୃତ୍ୟୁରେ ତିନି ରାତିର ଅଶୌଚ; ଶ୍ୱଶୁର (ଶ୍ୱଶୁର) ପାଇଁ ମଧ୍ୟ ସେହି। କିନ୍ତୁ ସଗୋତ୍ରୀୟ କେହି ଉପସ୍ଥିତ ଥାଇ କ୍ରିୟା କରିଲେ ସଦ୍ୟଃ ଶୌଚ (ତତ୍କ୍ଷଣାତ୍ ଶୁଦ୍ଧି) ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ।

Word by Word

• त्रिरात्रम्: three nights (period)
• त्रिरात्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिरात्र (प्रातिपदिक; त्रि + रात्र)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here as implied measure (कालावधि)

• श्वश्रू-मरणे: at the death of the mother-in-law
• श्वश्रू-मरणे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वश्रू (प्रातिपदिक) + मरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; genitive-tatpurusha sense ‘death of mother-in-law’

• श्वशुरे: (at the death) of the father-in-law
• श्वशुरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वशुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक/खल्वर्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• एव: only/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (restrictive particle)

• हि: for/indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/निश्चये अव्यय (causal/emphatic particle)

• सद्यः: immediately
• सद्यः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• शौचम्: purification/ritual purity (period)
• शौचम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• समुद्दिष्टम्: has been prescribed/declared
• समुद्दिष्टम्: Kriya-puraka (क्रियापूरक/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-उद्-√दिश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective

• सगोत्रे: in the same gotra (clan)
• सगोत्रे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सगोत्र (प्रातिपदिक; स + गोत्र)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• संस्थिते: when (a person) is present/remaining
• संस्थिते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संस्था (धातु √स्था) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative absolute member

• सति: when it is/while being
• सति: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अस् (धातु √अस्) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative absolute marker ‘when/while being’

Speaker

Sūta (narrator) conveying dharma-teachings as preserved by the sages

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• gotra
• śauca
• aśauca
• śvaśrū
• śvaśura

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It does not directly teach Ātman-doctrine; it frames dharma on the level of bodily and social discipline (śauca/aśauca), which supports steadiness for higher spiritual practice taught elsewhere in the Kurma Purana.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No explicit yoga technique is given; the verse emphasizes śauca (purificatory discipline), a foundational support for mantra, worship, and meditative life within Varnāśrama frameworks.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not explicitly address Shiva–Vishnu unity; it contributes to the shared dharmic groundwork (purity, rites, lineage duties) that both Shaiva and Vaishnava streams uphold in the Kurma Purana’s synthesis.