Kurma Purana — Uttara Bhaga, Shloka 17

Bhojana-vidhi and Nitya-karman: Directions for Eating, Prāṇa-Oblations, Sandhyā, and Conduct Leading to Apavarga

Devanagari script

नाश्नीयात् प्रेक्षमाणानामप्रदायैव दुर्मतिः / न यज्ञशिष्टादन्द् वा न क्रुद्धो नान्यमानसः

Transliteration

nāśnīyāt prekṣamāṇānāmapradāyaiva durmatiḥ / na yajñaśiṣṭādand vā na kruddho nānyamānasaḥ

Translation

ଦୁର୍ମତି ଲୋକ ଅନ୍ୟମାନେ ଦେଖୁଥିବାବେଳେ, ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଭାଗ ନ ଦେଇ ଭୋଜନ କରିବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ। ଯଜ୍ଞ‑ଶିଷ୍ଟ (ଯଜ୍ଞ ପରେ ଅବଶିଷ୍ଟ ପ୍ରସାଦ) ବିନା ଖାଇବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ; କ୍ରୋଧରେ ଖାଇବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ; ଏବଂ ମନ ଅନ୍ୟତ୍ର ରଖି ମଧ୍ୟ ଖାଇବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ।

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• aśnīyāt: should eat
• aśnīyāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: aś (अश् धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्

• prekṣamāṇānām: of those who are watching
• prekṣamāṇānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/possessor)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-īkṣ (प्र-ईक्ष् धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/6th), बहुवचनम्; ‘प्रेक्षमाण’ = seeing/looking

• a-pradāya: without giving
• a-pradāya: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a- (नञ्) + pra-dā (प्र-दा धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive) with negation: ‘अप्रदाय’ = not having given (alms/share); धातुः: प्र-दा (to give)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• durmatiḥ: a wicked-minded person
• durmatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durmati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• yajña-śiṣṭāt: from sacrificial remnants
• yajña-śiṣṭāt: Apadana (अपादानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yajña (प्रातिपदिक) + śiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (Ablative/5th), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘यज्ञस्य शिष्टम्’

• and: (unclear reading)
• and: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: and (अव्यय/पाठभेद)
• Form: पाठदोष/अस्पष्ट-पद; सम्भाव्यं ‘अन्नात्’/‘अदन्’ इत्यादि; अत्र अव्ययवत् ग्रहणम्

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/alternative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• kruddhaḥ: angry
• kruddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally) from √krudh

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• anya-mānasaḥ: with mind elsewhere/distracted
• anya-mānasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक) + mānasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः ‘अन्यं मानसं यस्य’ इति बहुव्रीह्यर्थेऽपि सम्भवः, परन्तु रूपतः कर्मधारय-समासः

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing sages on dharma and disciplined living

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kūrma
• Vishnu
• Yajña
• Dharma

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By forbidding eating in anger or with a distracted mind, the verse implies that inner steadiness (citta-prasāda) is essential for dharmic life—an indirect preparation for Self-knowledge, where the Atman is realized through a calm, undivided awareness.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It emphasizes practical yoga of restraint: mindful eating, freedom from krodha (anger), and ekāgratā (one-pointed attention). Such āhāra-śuddhi and manas-śuddhi are foundational disciplines that support higher contemplative practices taught in the Kurma Purana’s Yoga-oriented sections.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Though not naming Śiva directly, the teaching reflects the Purana’s shared Shaiva–Vaishnava ethic: disciplined conduct, consecrated food (yajña-śiṣṭa), and mental purity are upheld as universal dharma supportive of devotion and liberation in both traditions.