Kurma Purana — Uttara Bhaga, Shloka 20

Brahmacārin-Dharma: Guru-Sevā, Daily Vedic Study, Gāyatrī-Japa, and Anadhyāya Regulations

Devanagari script

नादित्यं वै समीक्षेत न चरेद् दन्तधावनम् / एकान्तमशुचिस्त्रीभिः शूद्रान्त्यैरभिभाषणम्

Transliteration

nādityaṃ vai samīkṣeta na cared dantadhāvanam / ekāntamaśucistrībhiḥ śūdrāntyairabhibhāṣaṇam

Translation

ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟଙ୍କୁ ଟକାଇ ଦେଖିବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ, ଏବଂ ଅନୁଚିତ ସମୟ/ପ୍ରକାରରେ ଦନ୍ତଧାବନ କରିବା ଉଚିତ ନୁହେଁ। ଅଶୁଚି ସ୍ତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କ ସହ, ଏବଂ ଶୂଦ୍ର ଓ ଅନ୍ତ୍ୟଜ ଭାବେ ଗଣ୍ୟ ଲୋକମାନଙ୍କ ସହ ଏକାନ୍ତ କଥାବାର୍ତ୍ତା ବର୍ଜନ କରିବା ଉଚିତ।

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• ādityam: the sun (Āditya)
• ādityam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• samīkṣeta: should look at
• samīkṣeta: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• caret: should do/practise
• caret: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: car (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; छन्दसि/पदसन्धौ रूपम् (care-t)

• danta-dhāvanam: tooth-cleaning
• danta-dhāvanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: danta (प्रातिपदिक) + dhāvana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दन्तानां धावनम्)

• ekāntam: in solitude/privately
• ekāntam: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekānta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (क्रियाविशेषणवत्)

• aśuci-strībhiḥ: with impure women
• aśuci-strībhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारकः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśuci (प्रातिपदिक) + strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (अशुचयः स्त्रियः)

• śūdra-antyaiḥ: with Śūdras and outcastes
• śūdra-antyaiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारकः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śūdra (प्रातिपदिक) + antya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (शूद्रैः च अन्त्यैः च)

• abhibhāṣaṇam: speaking/conversing
• abhibhāṣaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhi-bhāṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing on dharma/ācāra

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Characters & Entities

• Aditya (Sun)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it frames dharmic self-discipline (niyama) as a prerequisite for inner clarity—purity and restraint steady the mind so knowledge of the Self can arise without distraction.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

Foundational yogic restraints rather than a technique: guarding the senses (not staring at the Sun), maintaining bodily cleanliness appropriately, and regulating speech/associations—supports for śauca, pratyāhāra-like restraint, and mental steadiness emphasized in Purāṇic Yoga ethics.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly; it reflects the shared dharma-ethic that underlies both Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava paths in the Kūrma Purāṇa—outer discipline and purity are presented as common supports for devotion and liberation-oriented practice.