Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 10

Solar Rays, Planetary Nourishment, Dhruva-Bondage of the Grahas, and the Lunar Cycle

Devanagari script

आदत्ते स तु नाडीनां सहस्त्रेण समन्ततः / नादेयांश्चैव सामुद्रान् कूप्यांश्चैव सहस्त्रदृक् / स्थावराञ्जङ्गमांश्चैव यच्च कुल्यादिकं पयः

Transliteration

ādatte sa tu nāḍīnāṃ sahastreṇa samantataḥ / nādeyāṃścaiva sāmudrān kūpyāṃścaiva sahastradṛk / sthāvarāñjaṅgamāṃścaiva yacca kulyādikaṃ payaḥ

Translation

ସହସ୍ରଦୃକ୍ ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ ସମସ୍ତ ଦିଗରୁ ସହସ୍ର ନାଡୀ (ଧାରା) ଦ୍ୱାରା ଜଳ ଆଦାନ କରନ୍ତି—ନଦୀର, ସମୁଦ୍ରର, କୂପ ଓ ଜଳାଶୟର ମଧ୍ୟ; ଏବଂ ସ୍ଥାବର-ଜଙ୍ଗମ ପ୍ରାଣୀମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ କୁଲ୍ୟା ଆଦିରେ ବହୁଥିବା ଯେ ପାଣି, ସେହିଟିକୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ସେ ନେଇନିଅନ୍ତି।

Word by Word

• आदत्ते: takes/absorbs
• आदत्ते: क्रिया (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada)

• सः: he (the Sun)
• सः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; contrast)

• नाडीनाम्: of the channels/streams
• नाडीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाडी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन

• सहस्त्रेण: by/with a thousand
• सहस्त्रेण: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/तृतीया), एकवचन

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• समन्ततः: अधिकरण (locative sense/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• नादेयान्: river(-waters) (lit. from rivers)
• नादेयान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नादेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• एव: also/indeed
• एव: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphasis)

• सामुद्रान्: oceanic (waters)
• सामुद्रान्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सामुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• कूप्यान्: from wells (well-waters)
• कूप्यान्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कूप्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• एव: also
• एव: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात

• सहस्त्रदृक्: the thousand-eyed (one)
• सहस्त्रदृक्: कर्ता (apposition to सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक) + दृश् (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास (one whose sight is a thousandfold)

• स्थावरान्: immobile (waters/beings)
• स्थावरान्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थावर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• जङ्गमान्: moving (waters/beings)
• जङ्गमान्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जङ्गम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• एव: also
• एव: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: कर्म (with implied पयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• कुल्यादिकम्: such as canals etc.
• कुल्यादिकम्: विशेषण (qualifier of पयः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुल्या (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + क (प्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (कुल्या-आदि = canals etc.)

• पयः: water
• पयः: कर्म (object of आदत्ते)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator/Teacher voice within the Purāṇic discourse (instructional passage on dharma related to water and public resources)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

This verse is primarily ethical rather than metaphysical: it frames water as a life-supporting common good for all beings, implying that harming the shared basis of life violates dharma that ultimately supports inner purity needed for Self-knowledge.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No specific āsana or dhyāna is taught here; the verse supports Yoga indirectly by stressing yama-like restraints (non-harming, non-stealing of essentials). Such restraint is a prerequisite for steadiness of mind in Pashupata- and broader Yoga-discipline.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not explicitly mention Śiva or Viṣṇu; its non-sectarian dharma emphasis aligns with the Kurma Purana’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis by grounding spiritual life in universal ethical duties toward all beings.