Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 32
Adhyāya 361 — अव्ययवर्गः
Avyaya-vargaḥ) — The Section on Indeclinables (Colophon/Closure
अत्ययो ऽतिक्रमे कृच्छ्रे सत्यं शपथतथ्ययोः वीर्यं बलप्रभावौ च रूप्यं रूपे प्रशस्तके
atyayo 'tikrame kṛcchre satyaṃ śapathatathyayoḥ vīryaṃ balaprabhāvau ca rūpyaṃ rūpe praśastake
“ଅତ୍ୟୟ” ଶବ୍ଦ ଅତିକ୍ରମ ଏବଂ କୃଚ୍ଛ୍ର (ସଙ୍କଟ) ଅର୍ଥରେ। “ସତ୍ୟ” ଶପଥ ଓ ତଥ୍ୟ—ଦୁହିଁକୁ ସୂଚାଏ। “ବୀର୍ୟ” ବଳ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରଭାବ/ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ। “ରୂପ୍ୟ” ରୂପା ଏବଂ ପ୍ରଶସ୍ତ (ଉତ୍ତମ) ରୂପ ଅର୍ଥରେ ମଧ୍ୟ।
Lord Agni (teaching to sage Vasiṣṭha in the Agni Purāṇa’s encyclopedic instruction)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Vyakarana","practical_application":"Disambiguating common words in literature, trade, and legal speech: atyaya (transgression/distress), satya (oath/truth), vīrya (strength/potency), rūpya (silver/excellent form).","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Polysemy Set: atyaya, satya, vīrya, rūpya","lookup_keywords":["atyaya","satya oath","vīrya potency","rūpya silver","tathya"],"quick_summary":"Provides multiple accepted meanings for four high-frequency terms, aiding correct interpretation in dharma, kavya, and practical contexts like commerce (rūpya = silver)."}
Concept: Satya spans both factuality and oath-binding speech; language can create social reality (śapatha) as well as describe reality (tathya).
Application: In courts and rituals, distinguish ‘satya’ as sworn statement vs empirical truth; in medicine, read vīrya as pharmacodynamic potency.
Khanda Section: Shabda-varga / Nighaṇṭu (Lexicography and Synonyms)
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: shanta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Four-panel teaching tableau: a traveler crossing a boundary (atyaya), a witness swearing an oath (satya), a strong warrior and a medicinal herb labeled vīrya (strength/potency), and a merchant weighing silver coins labeled rūpya alongside a beautiful form (praśasta rūpa).","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, segmented narrative panels with bold outlines: boundary-crossing, oath scene, warrior and herb, silver weighing; earthy palette and decorative borders","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore, four vignettes with gold accents: oath and court, warrior strength, herb potency, silver coins; embossed gold on coins and ornaments","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, didactic four-panel layout with captions, fine linework, soft colors; clear depiction of silver trade and medicinal herb potency","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, detailed market scene for rūpya, court oath scene for satya, traveler at border for atyaya, and warrior/physician scene for vīrya; realistic textures"}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Shankarabharanam","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: अत्ययोऽतिक्रमे = अत्ययः + अतिक्रमे (visarga sandhi). शपथतथ्ययोः treated as a compound-like collocation; split for analysis as शपथ + तथ्ययोः.
Related Themes: Agni Purana 361 lexical lists; Agni Purana Ayurveda sections where vīrya is a technical term (drug potency)
FAQs
It teaches nānārtha (polysemous) vocabulary—how key Sanskrit words shift meaning by context, aiding precise reading of dharma, ritual, and śāstra passages.
Beyond mythology and rites, the Agni Purāṇa includes lexicography/semantic instruction; this verse is part of a glossary-like section that systematizes meanings for scholarly and practical interpretation.
Correct understanding of terms like satya (truth/oath) supports right speech and right conduct; semantic clarity prevents misinterpretation in vows, dharma decisions, and sacred recitation.