Rig Veda 8.2.3 — Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 3

Sukta 8.2

Rishi: Medhyātithi Kāṇva (traditional for RV 8.2)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 8.2 opening; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तं ते यवं यथा गोभिः स्वादुमकर्म श्रीणन्तः । इन्द्र त्वास्मिन्त्सधमादे ॥

Transliteration

táṃ te yávaṃ yáthā góbhir svā́dum akarma śrīṇántaḥ | índra tvā́smín tsadhámāde ||

Translation

That offering of yours we have made sweet—like barley blended with the rays (cows of light)—as we mix and refine it; O Indra, may you be with us in this common gladness and shared ecstasy.

Word by Word

• तम्: him/that (one)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of/for you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यवम्: barley
• यवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• गोभिः: with cows; with milk (by cows)
• गोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वादुम्: sweet, pleasant
• स्वादुम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वादु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अकर्म: unworked; not requiring effort (easy)
• अकर्म: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + अ (निषेध/अभाव) → अकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रीणन्तः: preparing, cooking (they)
• श्रीणन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: श्री (धातु; ‘to cook/boil, prepare’ वैदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सधमादे: at the common feast/banquet (soma-session)
• सधमादे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सधमाद (प्रातिपदिक; ‘common feast/pressing-session’)