Rig Veda 3.29.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 29, Mantra 2

Sukta 3.29

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (family attribution)

Devata: Agni (Jātavedas hidden in araṇis)

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अरण्योर्निहितो जातवेदा गर्भ इव सुधितो गर्भिणीषु । दिवेदिव ईड्यो जागृवद्भिर्हविष्मद्भिर्मनुष्येभिरग्निः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.29.2

Transliteration

araṇyór níhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhiṇī́ṣu | divé-dive ī́ḍyo jāgṛvád-bhir havíṣmad-bhir manuṣyébhir agníḥ ||

Translation

Jātavedas is hidden in the two woods like an embryo well-set within the pregnant ones. Day by day Agni is to be sought and adored by wakeful human beings who bear the offering—those who keep the flame of consciousness vigilant.

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Word by Word

• अरण्योः: of/in the two forests
• अरण्योः: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान/संबन्ध: ‘in/among the two forests’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• निहितः: placed, deposited, hidden
• निहितः: Kartā-विशेषण (अग्निः as ‘placed/hidden’)
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: धा (धातु) → नि-धा; क्त (PPP) ‘निहित’

• जातवेदाः: Jātavedas (Agni)
• जातवेदाः: Kartā (अग्निः)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: जात-वेदस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘he who knows births/creatures’)

• गर्भः: an embryo, a foetus
• गर्भः: Kartā/Upamāna-आधार (subject in simile)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: — (simile-marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (निपात)

• सुधितः: well-set, well-placed, firmly established
• सुधितः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: सु-धा/धि (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-आधार ‘well-set/firmly placed’; RV usage)

• गर्भिणीषु: among the pregnant (females)
• गर्भिणीषु: Adhikaraṇa (स्थान: ‘among the pregnant [females]’)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (f.)
• Root: गर्भिणी (प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवे-दिवे: day by day
• दिवे-दिवे: Adhikaraṇa (काल)
• Type: Noun (reduplicated adverbial phrase)
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक ‘day’)

• ईड्यः: to be praised, praiseworthy
• ईड्यः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईड्य (प्रातिपदिक; from √ईड् ‘to praise’ → ‘praiseworthy’)

• जागृवद्भिः: by the wakeful (watchful) ones
• जागृवद्भिः: Karaṇa/सहकारि (by/with the wakeful ones)
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: √जागृ (धातु) → ‘जागृवत्’ (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/विशेषण ‘awake’)

• हविष्मद्भिः: by those having oblations
• हविष्मद्भिः: Karaṇa/सहकारि
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हविष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘possessing oblation’)

• मनुष्येभिः: by humans, by men
• मनुष्येभिः: Karaṇa/सहकारि (agent-instrumental: ‘by men’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)