Shloka 11

त्रिसप्ततितमः सर्गः (Sarga 73): Mithilā Vivāha

Kanyādāna and the Fourfold Marriage Rites

Devanagari script

वसिष्ठो भगवानेत्य वैदेहमिदमब्रवीत्।राजा दशरथो राजन् कृतकौतुकमङ्गलै:।।।।पुत्रैर्नरवर श्रेष्ठ दातारमभिकाङ्क्षते।

Transliteration

vasiṣṭho bhagavān etya vaideham idam abravīt | rājā daśaratho rājan kṛtakautukamaṅgalaiḥ | putrair naravaraśreṣṭha dātāram abhikāṅkṣate ||

Translation

ထို့နောက် ဘဂဝန် ဝသိဋ္ဌ သည် ဝိဒေဟ၏ ဘုရင် ဇနက ထံသို့ ချဉ်းကပ်၍ ဤသို့ မိန့်ကြား하였다။ “အို မင်းကြီး၊ မင်းတို့အနက် အမြတ်ဆုံးသော နရပတိ၊ မင်္ဂလာကြိုတင်ကိစ္စများ ပြီးစီးထားသော သားတော်များနှင့်အတူ ဘုရင် ဒဿရထ သည် သမီးတော်ကို ပေးအပ်မည့် အလှူရှင်ကို စောင့်မျှော်နေပါသည်။”

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)

• uktaḥ: having been spoken to
• uktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (subject qualified)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (वच् धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Kta-participle (क्त), passive sense; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘having been addressed/spoken to’

• parama-udāraḥ: most generous
• parama-udāraḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama + udāra (परम + उदार प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Karmadhāraya: ‘exceedingly generous’

• vasiṣṭhena: by Vasiṣṭha
• vasiṣṭhena: Karaṇa (करण) / Agent in passive (कर्तृकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasiṣṭha (वसिष्ठ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• mahātmanā: by the great-souled
• mahātmanā: Karaṇa (करण) (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahātman (महात्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; adjective to ‘vasiṣṭhena’

• pratyuvāca: replied
• pratyuvāca: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-√vac (प्रति + वच् धातु)
• Form: Liṭ lakāra (perfect), Parasmaipada; Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana

• mahātejāḥ: the mighty/effulgent one
• mahātejāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahātejas (महातेजस् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Karmadhāraya: ‘greatly radiant’

• vākyam: words
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (वाक्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• paramadharmavit: knower of highest righteousness
• paramadharmavit: Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama + dharma + vid (परम + धर्म + विद्; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: ‘paramaṃ dharmaṃ vetti’ = knower of highest dharma; adjective to the speaker

Context

Adorable Vasishta approached king Janaka and said, "O King, of Videha! king Dasaratha, the best of men with his sons having performed the auspicious rites preparatory to marriage is awaiting the bestower of the brides".

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Janaka (Vaideha)
• Daśaratha
• Daśaratha’s sons

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights procedural dharma in marriage: the dātā (bride-giver) has a defined, honorable duty, and the receiving party waits respectfully for that rightful act.

What is the narrative situation?

With the princes ready, Vasiṣṭha formally prompts Janaka to take his role in the wedding ceremony as the giver of the brides.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respect for ritual propriety and roles—Daśaratha’s restraint and Vasiṣṭha’s orderly guidance.