Shloka 1

त्रिसप्ततितमः सर्गः (Sarga 73): Mithilā Vivāha

Kanyādāna and the Fourfold Marriage Rites

Devanagari script

यस्मिंस्तु दिवसे राजा चक्रे गोदानमुत्तमम् ।तस्मिं स्तु दिवसे शूरो युधाजित्समुपेयिवान्।।।।

Transliteration

yasmiṃs tu divase rājā cakre godānam uttamam | tasmiṃs tu divase śūro yudhājit samupāyivān ||

Translation

ဘုရင်သည် အထူးမြတ်သော နွားလှူဒါန်း (ဂိုဒါန) ကို ပြုလုပ်သော ထိုနေ့တည်းကပင် သတ္တိရှင် ယုဓာဇစ် သည် ရောက်လာ하였다။

Word by Word

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kekaya-rājasya: of the king of Kekaya
• kekaya-rājasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kekaya (प्रातिपदिक) + rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Gen/6th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'kekayasya rājā'

• sākṣāt: in person / directly
• sākṣāt: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sākṣāt (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), प्रत्यक्षार्थक (directly/in person)

• bharata-mātulaḥ: Bharata's maternal uncle
• bharata-mātulaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक) + mātula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'bharatasya mātulaḥ'

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Kriyā-sahakārī (क्रियासहकारी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश् धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव

• pṛṣṭvā: having asked
• pṛṣṭvā: Kriyā-sahakārī (क्रियासहकारी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √prach (प्रच्छ् धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• kuśalam: welfare
• kuśalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuśala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• rājānam: the king
• rājānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc/2nd), एकवचन; वाक्यकर्म (object: 'this')

• abravīt: said / spoke
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (ब्रू धातु)
• Form: लङ् लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Context

The day the king (Dasaratha) made a gift of the best (available) cows the heroic Yudhajit arrived.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Yudhājit

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dāna (charitable giving) is shown as royal dharma: the king’s cow-gift reflects responsibility to sustain social and religious order.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration marks timing: while Daśaratha is engaged in ceremonial gifting, Yudhājit arrives, setting up subsequent developments.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s generosity (dāna-śīlatā) and adherence to ritual duty.