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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 52

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Lakṣmaṇa’s militant counsel and Rāma’s dharma-based persuasion of Kausalyā

Devanagari script

किं जीवितेनेह विना त्वया मेलोकेन वा किं स्वधयाऽमृतेन।श्रेयो मुहूर्तं तव सन्निधानं ममेह कृत्स्नादपि जीवलोकात्।।2.21.52।।

Transliteration

kiṃ jīvitena iha vinā tvayā me

lokena vā kiṃ svadhayā amṛtena |

śreyo muhūrtaṃ tava sannidhānaṃ

mama iha kṛtsnād api jīvalokāt || 2.21.52 ||

Translation

သင်မရှိဘဲ ဒီမှာ ကျွန်မအသက်ရှင်ခြင်းက ဘာအကျိုးရှိမလဲ။ ကောင်းကင်ဘုံက ဘာတန်ဖိုးရှိမလဲ၊ ဘိုးဘွားပူဇော်ပွဲတွေက ဘာအကျိုးရှိမလဲ၊ အမృతတောင် ဘာတန်ဖိုးရှိမလဲ။ ကျွန်မအတွက် သင့်အနီး၌ တစ်ခဏတည်းရှိခြင်းက သင်မရှိသော သက်ရှိလောကတစ်လောကလုံးထက် ပိုမြတ်ပါသည်။

Word by Word
किम्what (use/purpose)?
किम्:
प्रश्नार्थक-विशेषणम् (interrogative qualifier of implied अर्थः/प्रयोजनम्)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (interrogative pronoun; nominative/accusative singular neuter)
जीवितेनwith life; by living
जीवितेन:
करणम् (instrument/means: 'by/with life')
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक; √जीव् (धातु) + क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम् (instrumental singular neuter)
इहhere
इह:
अधिकरणम् (locative sense: 'here')
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb of place)
विनाwithout
विना:
अपादानार्थक-सम्बन्धः (separation/absence relation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formउपपद-अव्ययम्; तृतीया-सम्बन्धः (indeclinable governing instrumental: 'without')
त्वयाyou (instr.)
त्वया:
सह/वियोग-सम्बन्धः (governed by विना: 'without you')
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे/सर्वनाम्नि तृतीया एकवचनम् (instrumental singular: 'by/with you')
मेfor me; to me
मे:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्धः (dative/genitive sense: 'for me')
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी एकवचनम् (genitive singular enclitic: 'of me/to me')
लोकेनwith the world (the other world)
लोकेन:
करणम् (instrument/means: 'by/with the world/other world')
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम् (instrumental singular masculine)
वाor
वा:
समुच्चय/विकल्प-सम्बन्धः (coordination: alternative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम् (disjunctive particle: 'or')
किम्what (use)?
किम्:
प्रश्नार्थक-विशेषणम् (interrogative qualifier of implied अर्थः/प्रयोजनम्)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (interrogative pronoun; nominative/accusative singular neuter)
स्वधयाwith svadhā (oblations to the manes)
स्वधया:
करणम् (instrument/means: 'by/with svadhā-oblations')
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम् (instrumental singular feminine)
अमृतेनwith nectar; with immortality
अमृतेन:
करणम् (instrument/means: 'by/with nectar/immortality')
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम् (instrumental singular neuter)
श्रेयोbetter; more desirable
श्रेयो:
विशेषणम्/विधेयम् (predicate adjective qualifying सन्निधानम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक; comparative of √श्री/श्री-भाव)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (comparative adjective used predicatively: 'better/more desirable')
मुहूर्तम्for a moment
मुहूर्तम्:
कालाधिकरणम् (accusative of duration: 'for a moment')
TypeNoun
Rootमुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम् (accusative singular masculine; measure of time)
तवyour
तव:
सम्बन्धः (genitive relation to सन्निधानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी एकवचनम् (genitive singular: 'of you/your')
सन्निधानम्presence; proximity
सन्निधानम्:
कर्तृ/विषयः (topic/subject: 'presence')
TypeNoun
Rootसन्निधान (प्रातिपदिक; सम् + √धा (धातु) + ल्युट्/घञ्-भाव)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (nominative/accusative singular neuter; here as subject/predicate-noun)
ममmy; for me
मम:
सम्बन्धः (genitive relation: 'for me/my')
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी एकवचनम् (genitive singular: 'of me/my')
इहhere
इह:
अधिकरणम् (locative sense: 'here')
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb of place)
कृत्स्नात्from the whole; than the entire
कृत्स्नात्:
अपादानम् (ablative of comparison/separation: 'than/from the entire')
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी एकवचनम् (ablative singular masculine/neuter usage; 'from the whole')
अपिeven
अपि:
अवधारण/अतिशय-सम्बन्धः (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अतिशयार्थक-अव्ययम् (particle: 'even/also')
जीवलोकात्than/from the world of living beings
जीवलोकात्:
अपादानम् (ablative of comparison: 'than the world of the living')
TypeNoun
Rootजीवलोक (प्रातिपदिक: जीव + लोक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी एकवचनम् (ablative singular masculine); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (जीवानां लोकः) (ablative: 'from/than the world of living beings')
Context

What is the purpose of my life in this world without you? What purpose do I have with the other world or with the oblations (offered to manes) or with nectar (availble to the gods). I would prefer one moment in your company to the whole world of living beings (without you).

Characters & Entities
K
Kausalya
R
Rama
A
amṛta (nectar)

FAQs

The verse dramatizes the conflict between personal attachment and dharmic duty; it shows how powerful love can challenge acceptance of a righteous course.

Kausalya pleads emotionally, declaring that neither this world nor the next has value for her without Rama.

Deep maternal devotion—though it also highlights the human difficulty of detachment when dharma demands separation.

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