Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 78, Shloka 31

Adhyaya 78 — Hymn to Surya and the Distribution of Solar Splendour; Genealogy of Vaivasvata and Chaya’s Line

Sanskrit

गुह्यकाधिपतित्वे च रेवन्तोऽपि नियोजितः ।

च्छायासंज्ञासुतानाञ्च नियोगः श्रूयतां मम ॥

Transliteration

guhyakādhipatitve ca revanto 'pi niyojitaḥ / cchāyāsaṃjñāsutānāñ ca niyogaḥ śrūyatāṃ mama

Translation

ထို့ပြင် ရေဝန္တ (Revanta) ကိုလည်း ဂုဟျက (guhyakas) များအပေါ် အုပ်စိုးမှုအဖြစ် ခန့်အပ်ခဲ့၏။ ယခုမူ ချာယာ (Chāyā) နှင့် သံဇ္ဉာ (Saṃjñā) တို့၏ သားများ၏ ခန့်အပ်မှုများ (niyoga) ကို ငါထံမှ နားထောင်လော့။

Word by Word

• guhyaka-adhipatitve: in the overlordship of the Guhyakas
• guhyaka-adhipatitve: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guhyaka (प्रातिपदिक) + adhipatitva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), सप्तमी (Loc. 7), एकवचन (sg.); तत्पुरुषः: 'in the lordship/overlordship of the Guhyakas'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• revantaḥ: Revanta
• revantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: revanta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अपि-निपात (particle): 'also/even'

• niyojitaḥ: was appointed
• niyojitaḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√yuj (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.); 'was appointed/assigned'

• cchāyā-saṃjñā-sutānām: of the sons of Chāyā and Saṃjñā
• cchāyā-saṃjñā-sutānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cchāyā (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी (Gen. 6), बहुवचन (pl.); तत्पुरुष-श्रृङ्खला: 'of the sons of Chāyā and Saṃjñā'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• niyogaḥ: the appointment/commission
• niyogaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.)

• śrūyatām: let it be heard
• śrūyatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.); आज्ञार्थे: 'let it be heard'

• mama: from me/of me
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Gen. 6), एकवचन (sg.); उत्तमपुरुष सर्वनाम

Speakers

• Narratorial Purāṇic narration (transition marker: ‘hear from me’)

Primary Deities

• Revanta
• Guhyakas
• Kubera (implicit via guhyaka association)
• Sūrya (contextual)

Key Themes

• Cosmic offices
• Mythic administration
• Genealogical cataloguing

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic order is role-based: beings are ‘placed’ according to nature and merit. Social ethics mirror this—responsibility follows capacity and disposition.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: cataloguing descendants and their offices; it also supports manvantara administration by mapping cosmic roles.

What is the esoteric significance?

Guhyakas (‘hidden ones’) point to subtle forces; Revanta’s lordship can symbolize mastery over the hidden impulses/energies that accompany wealth and power.