Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 72, Shloka 33

Adhyaya 72 — The Reconciliation Rite, Sarasvati Sacrifice, and the Birth of Uttama Manu (Auttama Manvantara Prelude)

Sanskrit

मार्कण्डेय उवाच इति दत्वा वरं तस्मै नागराजसुता ततः ।

सखीṃ तां संपरिष्वज्य पातालमगमन्मुने ॥

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca iti datvā varaṃ tasmai nāgarājasutā tataḥ | sakhīṃ tāṃ saṃpariṣvajya pātālam agaman mune ||

Translation

မာရ္ကဏ္ဍေယက ဆိုသည်– «ဤသို့ ကောင်းချီးပေးပြီးနောက် နာဂမင်း၏ သမီးသည် မိတ်ဆွေကို ဖက်လှုပ်ကာ၊ အို ရှင်ရသေ့၊ ပာတာလာသို့ ဆင်းသွား하였다»။

Word by Word

• मार्कण्डेयः: Markandeya (the sage)
• मार्कण्डेयः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्कण्डेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• इति: thus
• इति: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-चिह्न (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण-समाप्ति/वाक्य-परिसमाप्ति सूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• दत्वा: having given
• दत्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण (Gerund/Absolutive)

• वरम्: a boon
• वरम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), एकवचन

• नागराजसुता: the Nāga-king’s daughter
• नागराजसुता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नागराज + सुता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (नागराजस्य सुता)

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; काल/अनुक्रम सूचक (then/thereafter)

• सखीम्: (her) female friend
• सखीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• सम्परिष्वज्य: having embraced
• सम्परिष्वज्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-परि-स्वज् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-समकक्ष)
• Form: ल्यबन्त अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण (Gerund/Absolutive)

• पातालम्: to Pātāla (netherworld)
• पातालम्: कर्म (Karma/Goal as object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; गत्यर्थे कर्म

• अगमत्: went
• अगमत्: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मुने: O sage
• मुने: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya narrating to an unnamed sage (frame interlocutor not specified in input)

Key Themes

• Narrative framing
• Boon completion
• Nāga-loka / Pātāla geography

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Good deeds ripple across realms: assistance to others can invoke protective forces and blessings, after which each being returns to its ordained sphere (svadhāma).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita narrative mechanics; prepares for Manvantara content by sealing the prophetic cause.

What is the esoteric significance?

Descent to Pātāla after bestowing a boon suggests the ‘source’ of certain powers lies in subtle/hidden strata of the cosmos; blessings emerge from depth and return to depth.