Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 52, Shloka 24

Adhyaya 52 — The Manifestation of Nilalohita (Rudra) and the Allocation of His Names, Abodes, Consorts, and Lineages

Sanskrit

क्षमा तु सुषुवे भार्या पुलहस्य प्रजापतेः ।

क्रतोस्तु सन्नतिर्भार्या बालखिल्यानसूयत ॥

Transliteration

kṣamā tu suṣuve bhāryā pulahasya prajāpateḥ | kratostu sannatir bhāryā bālakhilyān asūyata ||

Translation

ပရာဇာပတိ ပုလဟ၏ ဇနီး က္ෂမာ (Kṣamā) သည် သားသမီးများကို မွေးဖွား하였다။ ထို့ပြင် ကရတု၏ ဇနီး စန္နတိ (Sannati) သည် ဘာလခိလျ (Bālakhilya) များကို မွေးဖွား하였다။

Word by Word

• क्षमा: Kṣamā
• क्षमा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: ‘but/indeed’)

• सुषुवे: gave birth
• सुषुवे: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta (कर्ता) (appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to ‘क्षमा’

• पुलहस्य: of Pulaha
• पुलहस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुलह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन

• प्रजापतेः: of the Prajāpati
• प्रजापतेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजापति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• क्रतोः: of Kratu
• क्रतोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तु: and/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle)

• सन्नतिः: Sannati
• सन्नतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्नति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta (कर्ता) (appositional)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to ‘सन्नतिः’

• बालखिल्यान्: the Bālakhilyas
• बालखिल्यान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बालखिल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• असूयत: gave birth
• असूयत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the genealogical discourse (frame-speaker not explicit in these verses)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Creation lineages
• Prajāpatis
• Ascetic groups (Bālakhilyas)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse highlights how virtues (kṣamā—forbearance; sannati—humility) are personified as mothers of sacred lineages, implying that spiritual communities arise from cultivated qualities as much as from biological descent.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśa: it lists progenitors and the emergence of a recognized ṛṣi-group (Bālakhilyas) from Prajāpati unions.

What is the esoteric significance?

Bālakhilyas are emblematic of subtle tapas—'small' in body yet immense in ascetic power—suggesting that inward austerity can outweigh outward magnitude.