Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 53

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

विक्षिपेज्जुहुयाच्चैवानलं मित्रञ्च कीर्तयेत् ।

भूतानां मातृभिः सार्धं बालकानान्तु शान्तये ॥

Transliteration

vikṣipej juhuyāc caivānalaṃ mitrañ ca kīrtayet |

bhūtānāṃ mātṛbhiḥ sārdhaṃ bālakānāṃ tu śāntaye ||

Translation

ပူဇော်ပစ္စည်းကို ဖြန့်ချရမည်၊ ထို့ပြင် မီးထဲသို့ အာဟုတိ (oblations) ထည့်ပူဇော်ရမည်၊ မိတ္တရ (Mitra) ကို မန္တရဖြင့် ခေါ်ယူရွတ်ဆိုရမည်။ ထို့အတူ ဘူတ (bhūtas) များ၏ မာတೃ (mātṛs) မိခင်များနှင့်အတူ ကလေးများ၏ သက်သာခြင်း/ကာကွယ်ခြင်းအတွက် ဖြစ်၏။

Word by Word

• vikṣipet: should scatter/throw
• vikṣipet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√kṣip (क्षिप्, धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Singular; parasmaipada

• juhuyāt: should offer (into fire)
• juhuyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hu (हु, धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Singular; parasmaipada

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण अव्यय)

• analam: fire
• analam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• mitram: Mitra (deity/friend)
• mitram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय)

• kīrtayet: should recite/praise
• kīrtayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kīrt (कीर्त्, धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Singular; parasmaipada

• bhūtānām: of the spirits/beings
• bhūtānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural

• mātṛbhiḥ: with the Mothers (Mātṛs)
• mātṛbhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural

• sārdham: together with
• sārdham: Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sārdham (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb/Prepositional indeclinable meaning ‘together with’ (सह-अर्थक अव्यय)

• bālakānām: of the children
• bālakānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bālaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural

• tu: indeed/for (emphasis)
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (विरोध/विशेषण अव्यय)

• śāntaye: for pacification
• śāntaye: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śānti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Dative (चतुर्थी/4), Singular

Speakers

• Instructional voice within Purāṇic ritual teaching (speaker not specified in excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Mitra
• Agni (as anala/fire in homa)
• Mātṛs

Shakti Aspects

• Mātṛs (group of Mother-goddesses) implied; not a single Devī form named

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Homa
• Child-protection rites
• Vedic deity invocation (Mitra)
• Bhūta/Mātṛ appeasement

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Protection of the vulnerable (children) is treated as a dharmic priority; harmony is sought through recognized cosmic order (Mitra) and sanctified fire (Agni), integrating social care with sacred responsibility.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/Dharma-oriented ritual prescription; ancillary to Pancalakṣaṇa rather than one of its five headline categories.

What is the esoteric significance?

Mitra represents binding harmony and truthful order; invoking him alongside the Mātṛs suggests aligning both ‘orderly’ and ‘liminal’ powers so that chaotic influences (bhūta/graha) are domesticated into protection.