Shloka 36

Adhyaya 48 — The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation

Sanskrit

उच्चावचानि भूतानि गात्रेभ्यस्तस्य जज्ञिरे ।

सृष्ट्वा चतुष्टयं पूर्वं देवासुरपितॄन् प्रजाः ॥

Transliteration

uccāvacāni bhūtāni gātrebhyas tasya jajñire | sṛṣṭvā catuṣṭayaṃ pūrvaṃ devāsura-pitṝn prajāḥ ||

Translation

သူ၏ အင်္ဂါအစိတ်အပိုင်းများမှ အမြင့်အနိမ့် အမျိုးအစားရှိသော သတ္တဝါများ ပေါ်ပေါက်လာ하였다။ အရင်ဆုံး ဒေဝ (gods)၊ အသူရ (asuras)၊ ပိတೃ (pitṛs) နှင့် ပရဇာ (progeny) ဟူသော လေးမျိုးစုကို ဖန်ဆင်းပြီးနောက် ထပ်မံ ဆက်လက်ပြုလုပ်하였다။

Word by Word

• uccāvacāni: various; high and low
• uccāvacāni: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uccāvaca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); dvandva/itaretara: 'high and low; various' qualifying bhūtāni

• bhūtāni: beings; creatures
• bhūtāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• gātrebhyaḥ: from the limbs
• gātrebhyaḥ: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tasya: of him; his
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• jajñire: were born; arose
• jajñire: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• sṛṣṭvā: having created
• sṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), having created

• catuṣṭayam: the group of four
• catuṣṭayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: catuṣṭaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu: 'a set of four'

• pūrvam: first; previously
• pūrvam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Indeclinable usage (अव्ययीभाव/क्रियाविशेषणवत्); adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• devāsura-pitṝn: gods, demons, and ancestors
• devāsura-pitṝn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + asura (प्रातिपदिक) + pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); dvandva: 'gods, asuras, and fathers (manes)'

• prajāḥ: creatures; progeny
• prajāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speakers

• Narrative voice (cosmogonic description)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā (Creator)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Hierarchies of beings
• Pitṛ doctrine
• Pañcalakṣaṇa—Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Diversity of status and disposition is framed as an aspect of cosmic design; ethical life is then to act according to dharma within one’s given condition rather than to deny order itself.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: it outlines categories of beings generated in primary creation.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘From the limbs’ suggests embodiment: cosmic principles condense into differentiated functions, implying that the body itself mirrors cosmic stratification.