Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 48, Shloka 34

Adhyaya 48 — The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation

Sanskrit

एकविंशमथर्वाणमाप्तोर्यामाणमेव च ।

अनुष्टुभं सवैराजमुत्तरादसृजन्मुखात् ॥

Transliteration

ekaviṃśam atharvāṇam āptoryāmāṇam eva ca | anuṣṭubhaṃ savairājam uttarād asṛjan mukhāt ||

Translation

မြောက်ဘက်မျက်နှာမှ အထရ္ဗန် (Atharvan/Atharvaveda)၊ အဲကဝိṃရှ (Ekaviṃśa) ဟူသော ၂၁ မျိုးဆ္တိုမ၊ အာပ္တိုရ္ယာမ (Āptoryāma) ရိတု၊ အနုṣṭုဘ် ချန်ဒ် (Anuṣṭubh metre) နှင့် ဝိုင်ရာဇ (Vairāja) ကို ထုတ်ဖော်တော်မူ하였다။

Word by Word

• ekaviṃśam: twenty-onefold
• ekaviṃśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekaviṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu numeral adjective (twenty-one) qualifying stoma/arrangement understood

• atharvāṇam: Atharvan (Atharva-veda/chant)
• atharvāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: atharvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• āptoryāmāṇam: Āptoryāma (rite/chant)
• āptoryāmāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āptoryāmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa compound (āptaḥ + uryāmaṇa/oryāmaṇa tradition)

• eva: indeed; just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); particle of emphasis (निपात)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• anuṣṭubham: Anuṣṭubh (metre)
• anuṣṭubham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anuṣṭubh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• sa-vairājam: together with (the) Vairāja
• sa-vairājam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + vairāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); avyayībhāva: 'with Vairāja'

• uttarāt: from the northern (side)
• uttarāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) used directionally, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• asṛjat: created; emitted
• asṛjat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• mukhāt: from (his) mouth
• mukhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Narrative voice (cosmogonic description)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā (Creator)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Vedic ritual
• Metres (chandas)
• Pañcalakṣaṇa—Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Different Vedic branches and ritual technologies are portrayed as complementary facets of one creative intelligence, encouraging a synthetic (not sectarian) view of sacred knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: a continuation of primordial emanations, focusing on Atharvan and stoma/rite classifications.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Virāj/Vairāja’ and Anuṣṭubh often signify the move from vast cosmic measures to human-scale utterance; creation becomes speakable and practicable through compact metres.