Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 45, Shloka 65

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

तेन सर्वमिदं व्याप्तं त्रैलोक्यं सचराचरम् ।

मेरुस्तस्यानुसंभूतो जरायुश्चापि पर्वताः ॥

Transliteration

tena sarvam idaṃ vyāptaṃ trailokyaṃ sacarācaram | merus tasyānusambhūto jarāyuś cāpi parvatāḥ

Translation

ထို တတ္တဝါ/ကောသမိက သဘောတရားကြောင့် လောကသုံးပါးနှင့် လှုပ်ရှားသောအရာ၊ မလှုပ်ရှားသောအရာ အားလုံးကို ပြည့်ဝစွာ ပျံ့နှံ့ဖုံးလွှမ်းခဲ့သည်။ ထို ဘြဟ္မာဏ္ဍ (ကောသမိက ဥ) မှ မေရုတောင် ပေါ်ထွန်းလာ၍ တောင်တန်းများသည် ၎င်း၏ အမြှေးအလွှာ (jarāyu) ကဲ့သို့ ဖြစ်하였다။

Word by Word

• तेन: by him/thereby
• तेन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण) एकवचन; instrumental of pronoun

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; agrees with इदम्

• इदम्: this (universe)
• इदम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• व्याप्तम्: pervaded
• व्याप्तम्: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्याप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; agrees with सर्वम् इदम्

• त्रैलोक्यम्: the three worlds
• त्रैलोक्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रैलोक्य (प्रातिपदिक: त्रि + लोक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; dvigu compound ‘three worlds’

• सचराचरम्: with the moving and the unmoving
• सचराचरम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-चर-अचर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; dvandva ‘moving and unmoving’ with prefix स- ‘with’

• मेरुः: Mount Meru
• मेरुः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• तस्य: of him/of that (cosmic being/egg)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन; genitive

• अनुसंभूतः: arose/was produced thereafter
• अनुसंभूतः: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-सम्-भू (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत् कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; agrees with मेरुः

• जरायुः: the membrane/chorion
• जरायुः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (also/even)

• पर्वताः: mountains
• पर्वताः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

Speakers

• Frame dialogue likely: Krauṣṭuki (speaker) to a listener (context continues into 46.1); immediate speaker not explicitly stated in the verse

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sarga (creation)
• Brahmāṇḍa (cosmic egg)
• Sacara–acara ontology

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse stresses a unified pervasion: the cosmos is not a collection of unrelated parts but a single, pervaded totality in which even geography (Meru, mountains) is read as organic structure.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Sarga (primary creation/cosmogenesis), describing the arising of cosmic structures from the brahmāṇḍa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Mountains as jarāyu (membrane) suggests the world as an embryo: the universe is ‘gestated’ within prakṛti, and the visible boundaries of the world mirror protective, formative coverings.