Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 34, Shloka 51

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

शिरस्यगस्त्यमास्थाय शयीताथ पुरंदरम् ।

न तु गन्धवतीष्वप्सु स्नायीत न तथा निशि ॥

Transliteration

śirasy agastyam āsthāya śayītātha purandaram | na tu gandhavatīṣv apsu snāyīta na tathā niśi ||

Translation

အဂတ္စျယ (တောင်ဘက်/အဂတ္စျယကြယ်) သို့ ခေါင်း (သို့မဟုတ် ခေါင်းအုံး) ကို ချထား၍ အိပ်စေကာ၊ ထို့နောက် ပုရန္ဒရ (အိန္ဒြာ) ကို ရိုသေလေးစား၍ သတိရစေ။ သို့သော် အနံ့သာရေဖြင့် မရေချိုးသင့်၊ ညအချိန်တွင်လည်း မရေချိုးသင့်။

Word by Word

• शिरसि: on the head
• शिरसि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचनम्

• अगस्त्यम्: (the star/sage) Agastya
• अगस्त्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अगस्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचनम्

• आस्थाय: having placed/keeping (in mind/above)
• आस्थाय: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; ‘आश्रित्य/धृत्वा’ इत्यर्थः

• शयीत: should lie down/sleep
• शयीत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शी (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (then/thereupon)

• पुरन्दरम्: Purandara (Indra)
• पुरन्दरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरन्दर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचनम्; इन्द्रस्य नाम

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• तु: but
• तु: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विशेषण/विरोधार्थक-अव्यय (but/indeed)

• गन्धवतीषु: in fragrant
• गन्धवतीषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गन्धवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), बहुवचनम्; ‘गन्धयुक्त’ (fragrant)

• अप्सु: waters
• अप्सु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), बहुवचनम्

• स्नायीत: should bathe
• स्नायीत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• तथा: thus/likewise
• तथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (thus/in that way)

• निशि: at night
• निशि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचनम्

Speakers

• Not identifiable from the provided verses alone (instructional register).

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Indra (Purandara)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Sleep and purity rules
• Bathing restrictions
• Auspicious remembrance

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse blends practical restraints (night-bathing avoidance) with sacralizing daily life through remembrance of deities; ordinary routines become carriers of dharmic attentiveness.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not pancalakṣaṇa material; it is conduct-oriented instruction embedded within purāṇic discourse.

What is the esoteric significance?

Agastya symbolizes stabilizing, southward order and restraint; invoking Indra (Purandara) suggests protection and sovereignty over the senses—sleep and bathing are framed as spiritually consequential transitions.