Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 32, Shloka 38

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

आयुः प्रज्ञां धनं विद्यां स्वर्गं मोक्षं सुखानि च । प्रयच्छन्ति तथा राज्यं पितरः श्राद्धतर्पिताः ॥

Transliteration

āyuḥ prajñāṃ dhanaṃ vidyāṃ svargaṃ mokṣaṃ sukhāni ca / prayacchanti tathā rājyaṃ pitaraḥ śrāddha-tarpitāḥ

Translation

ရှရဒ္ဓနှင့် ရေသွန်းပူဇော်ခြင်းတို့ကြောင့် စိတ်ကျေနပ်သော ဘိုးဘွားများသည် အသက်ရှည်ခြင်း၊ ဉာဏ်ပညာ၊ ဥစ္စာဓန၊ ပညာသင်ယူမှု၊ ကောင်းကင်ဘုံ၊ မောက္ခ၊ ပျော်ရွှင်မှုများနှင့် အာဏာပိုင်မှု/နိုင်ငံတော်ကိုပါ ပေးသနားကြသည်။

Word by Word

• आयुः: life-span
• आयुः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; accusative singular (neuter)

• प्रज्ञाम्: wisdom
• प्रज्ञाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (feminine)

• धनम्: wealth
• धनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (neuter)

• विद्याम्: knowledge
• विद्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (feminine)

• स्वर्गम्: heaven
• स्वर्गम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (masculine)

• मोक्षम्: liberation
• मोक्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (masculine)

• सुखानि: happinesses/pleasures
• सुखानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; accusative plural (neuter)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• प्रयच्छन्ति: they bestow/give
• प्रयच्छन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + यम् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; present indicative, 3rd person plural

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक/समुच्चयार्थ (adverb: ‘thus/also’)

• राज्यम्: kingdom/sovereignty
• राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (neuter)

• पितरः: the ancestors (pitṛs)
• पितरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; nominative plural (masculine)

• श्राद्धतर्पिताः: satiated by śrāddha offerings
• श्राद्धतर्पिताः: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्राद्ध-तर्पित (कृदन्त; तर्प् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: समासः: श्राद्धेन तर्पिताः (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/कर्मणि प्रयोगः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; past passive participle used adjectivally

Speakers

• Madālasā (didactic listing of fruits of śrāddha)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Pitṛs (ancestors)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pitṛ Pūjā
• Phala-śruti (promised results)
• Prosperity and liberation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The tradition does not separate ‘worldly’ and ‘spiritual’ goods: proper duty toward ancestors is said to support both prosperity and liberation, emphasizing continuity between ethical life and ultimate aims.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

This is dharma-phala instruction, not one of the five defining purāṇic topics.

What is the esoteric significance?

The comprehensive list (from āyus to mokṣa) suggests that aligning with one’s origins (pitṛ-bandha) harmonizes all layers of being—body, mind, society, and the liberating quest.