Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 4

Saṃhāra-krama (The Sequence of Cosmic Dissolution) — Yājñavalkya’s Discourse

वदन्ति कारण चेदं सांख्या: सम्यग्‌ द्विजातय: । विज्ञायेह गतीः सर्वा विरक्तो विषयेषु यः

vadanti kāraṇa cedaṃ sāṅkhyāḥ samyag dvijātayaḥ | vijñāyeha gatīḥ sarvā virakto viṣayeṣu yaḥ ||

ဘီရှ္မက ပြောသည်။ «သင်္ခယာဝါဒကို မှန်ကန်စွာ နားလည်သော ဒွိဇတို့သည် ဤအရာကို အကြောင်းရင်းအမှန်ဟု ဆိုကြ၏။ ဤလောက၌ သတ္တဝါတို့၏ သွားလာရာလမ်းကြောင်း အမျိုးမျိုးကို အကုန်သိမြင်ပြီး အာရုံခံအရာဝတ္ထုတို့အပေါ် မကပ်မငြိ ဖြစ်လာသူသာ ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာကို စွန့်ပြီးနောက် မောက္ခကို ရရှိ၏။ ဤအရာသည် ထင်ရှားစွာ နားလည်နိုင်သည်ဟု သူတို့ဆိုကြပြီး မောက္ခကို ရရန် အခြားနည်းလမ်း မရှိဟုလည်း ဆိုကြ၏။ ထို့ကြောင့် သင်္ခယာကိုပင် မောက္ခသို့ ဦးတည်စေသော ဒർശနဟု ခေါ်ကြ၏»။

वदन्तिthey say
वदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formलट् (Present Indicative), 3, Plural, परस्मैपद
कारणम्the reason/cause
कारणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सांख्याःthe Sāṅkhyas (followers of Sāṅkhya)
सांख्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्यक्properly, correctly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
द्विजातयःtwice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विजातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विज्ञायhaving known
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Absolutive/Gerund), कर्तरि
इहhere (in this world/teaching)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
गतीःcourses/destinies/paths
गतीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
विरक्तःdetached, dispassionate
विरक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविरक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त-प्रत्यय (Past Passive Participle used adjectivally)
विषयेषुin/among sense-objects
विषयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
S
Sāṅkhyas (Sāṅkhya teachers/followers)
D
dvijātis (twice-born)

Educational Q&A

Liberation is said to follow from clear discernment of the various destinies/courses of beings and from detachment (vairāgya) toward sense-objects; the Sāṅkhyas present this discriminative knowledge and dispassion as the decisive means to mokṣa.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is teaching about liberation and philosophical paths; here he reports the Sāṅkhya position that true knowledge and detachment are the essential cause leading to freedom after the body is relinquished.