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Shloka 4

अर्जुनस्य युधिष्ठिरं प्रति क्षात्रधर्मोपदेशः | Arjuna’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira on Kṣatra-Dharma

ब्राह्मणानां तपस्त्याग: प्रेत्य धर्मविधि: स्मृत: । क्षत्रियाणां च निधन संग्रामे विहितं प्रभो

vaiśampāyana uvāca | brāhmaṇānāṃ tapas-tyāgaḥ pretya dharma-vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ | kṣatriyāṇāṃ ca nidhanaṃ saṃgrāme vihitaṃ prabho ||

ဝိုင်ရှမ္ပာယနက ပြောသည်။ ဗြာဟ္မဏတို့အတွက် တပဿနှင့် စွန့်လွှတ်ခြင်းသည် ဓမ္မ၏ သတ်မှတ်ထားသော စည်းကမ်းဟု မှတ်ယူကြပြီး၊ သေပြီးနောက် နောက်လောက၌ ထိုက်တန်သော အကျိုးကို ပေးသည်။ က္ෂတ္တရိယတို့အတွက်လည်း အရှင်တော်၊ စစ်မြေပြင်၌ ရရှိသော သေခြင်းသည် ထိုနည်းတူ သတ်မှတ်ထားပြီး၊ ဤဘဝကို ကျော်လွန်၍ ရင့်မှည့်လာမည့် ကုသိုလ်အကျိုးကို ပေးသည်ဟု ယူဆကြသည်။

ब्राह्मणानाम्of Brahmins
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
त्यागःrenunciation
त्यागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रेत्यhaving died; after death
प्रेत्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र-इ (धातु: इ)
FormGerund (त्वान्त/ल्यप्), true
धर्मविधिःrule/ordinance of dharma
धर्मविधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतःis considered/remembered (as)
स्मृतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (participial)
क्षत्रियाणाम्of Kshatriyas
क्षत्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
निधनम्death
निधनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विहितम्is prescribed/ordained
विहितम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा (धातु: धा)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (participial)
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Brāhmaṇas
K
Kṣatriyas

Educational Q&A

The verse states a varṇa-specific ethical framework: Brahmins are enjoined toward tapas (austerity) and tyāga (renunciation), whose fruits mature in the afterlife; Kṣatriyas are enjoined toward courageous engagement in battle, where death in righteous combat is treated as a meritorious culmination of their duty.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vaiśampāyana reports a teaching that contrasts prescribed duties for social orders, emphasizing how each path—ascetic discipline for Brahmins and battlefield valor for Kṣatriyas—is framed as a legitimate means to attain posthumous merit when aligned with dharma.