Sutra 31
Devanagari script
जित्वापि हि क्षिणदण्डकोशः पराजितो भवति इत्याचार्याः ॥ कZ_०७.१३.३१ ॥
Transliteration
jitvāpi hi kṣiṇadaṇḍakośaḥ parājito bhavati ity ācāryāḥ
Translation
ဆရာများက ဆိုကြသည်– “အနိုင်ရပြီးတောင်မှ အာဏာသုံးအင်အား (daṇḍa) နှင့် ဘဏ္ဍာတိုက် (kośa) ကုန်ခမ်းသွားသော အုပ်ချုပ်သူသည် အမှန်တကယ်တော့ ရှုံးနိမ့်သူ ဖြစ်သွားသည်။”
Word by Word
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formकृदन्त (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, अव्ययभाव/gerund); परस्मैपदी धातु; अर्थे—पूर्वकालिक क्रिया ‘जित्वा = having conquered’
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपेक्षा/अपवादार्थे ‘even/also’
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formअव्यय; निश्चय/कारण/उपपत्त्यर्थे ‘indeed/for’
क्षीणदण्डकोशःone whose coercive power/army and treasury are depleted
क्षीणदण्डकोशः:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षी (क्षय) / दण्ड / कोश
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणपूर्वकः समासः—‘क्षीणः दण्डः च कोशः च यस्य सः’ (अर्थतः दण्डकोशयोः क्षयः)
पराजितःdefeated
पराजितः:
TypeVerb (Participle used adjectivally)
Rootपराजि
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय, भूतकर्मणि); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘defeated’
भवतिbecomes; is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलट्-लकार; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद; वर्तमानकाल
इतिthus (quoting)
इति:
TypeQuotative particle
Rootइति
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्तौ/उद्धरणचिह्नार्थे
आचार्याःthe teachers (authorities)
आचार्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; कर्तृपद—‘the teachers/authorities’
Entities Mentioned
R
ruler/kingĀ
ācāryāḥ (authoritative teachers)FAQs
Because depleted finances and force invite counterattack, rebellion, and loss of bargaining power; the state cannot consolidate gains or deter threats.