Agni Purana — Yoga & Brahma-vidya, Shloka 22

अध्याय ३८० — गीतासारः

The Essence of the Gītā

Devanagari script

इच्छा द्वेषः सुखं दुःखं सङ्घातश्चेतना धृतिः एतत्क्षेत्रं समासेन सविकारमुदाहृतं

Transliteration

icchā dveṣaḥ sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ saṅghātaścetanā dhṛtiḥ etatkṣetraṃ samāsena savikāramudāhṛtaṃ

Translation

အလိုဆန္ဒ၊ မုန်းတီးမှု၊ ချမ်းသာမှု၊ ဒုက္ခ၊ စုဖွဲ့တည်ရှိမှု (ကိုယ်နှင့် အင်ဒြိယတို့၏ ပေါင်းစည်းမှု)၊ စေတနာ/အသိစိတ်၊ နှင့် ဓြတိ (တည်ကြည်ခိုင်မာမှု) — ဤအရာတို့ကို အကျဉ်းချုပ်အားဖြင့် ‘ကေတ္တရ’ (kṣetra) ဟု၊ ၎င်း၏ ပြောင်းလဲမှုများနှင့်အတူ ကြေညာထားသည်။

Word by Word

• इच्छा: desire
• इच्छा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• द्वेषः: aversion
• द्वेषः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सुखम्: pleasure
• सुखम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दुःखम्: pain
• दुःखम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सङ्घातः: aggregate/collection
• सङ्घातः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्घात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• चेतना: consciousness/awareness
• चेतना: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेतना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• धृतिः: steadfastness
• धृतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्षेत्रम् इति पदस्य विशेषणम्

• क्षेत्रम्: field (of experience)
• क्षेत्रम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• समासेन: briefly/in summary
• समासेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणभावे (adverbial: ‘in brief’)

• स-विकारम्: with modifications/with changes
• स-विकारम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्गसदृश/सह-अर्थक) + विकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (सह-तत्पुरुषः: विकारेण सह), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्षेत्रम् इति पदस्य विशेषणम्

• उदाहृतम्: is declared
• उदाहृतम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + आ + हृ (धातु) → उदाहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘is stated/declared’

Speaker

Lord Agni (instructional narration to Sage Vasiṣṭha, consistent with Agni Purāṇa dialogue frame)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सङ्घातः चेतना → सङ्घातश्चेतना; एतत् क्षेत्रम् → एतत्क्षेत्रम्; सविकारम् उदाहृतम् → सविकारमुदाहृतम्.

Characters & Entities

• Kshetra (Field)
• Cetanā (Consciousness)
• Dhṛti (Fortitude)

FAQs

What technical or ritual knowledge (Vidya) is imparted in this verse?

It imparts kṣetra-vidyā: a technical enumeration of the embodied ‘field’ (body–mind complex) via its key psychological and functional factors—desire, aversion, pleasure, pain, the psycho-physical aggregate, consciousness, and steadfastness—used for discriminative analysis in Sāṅkhya–Yoga practice.

How does this verse contribute to the 'Encyclopedic' nature of the Agni Purana?

Beyond rituals and worship, the Agni Purāṇa compiles systematic philosophical taxonomies; this verse functions like a concise doctrinal glossary entry defining kṣetra and its vikāras, aligning Purāṇic teaching with classical Sāṅkhya/Yoga-style categories for self-study and instruction.

What is the spiritual or karmic significance of this specific instruction?

By recognizing these factors as constituents/modifications of kṣetra, a practitioner reduces identification with fluctuating states (desire, aversion, pleasure, pain) and cultivates steadiness (dhṛti), supporting detachment, clearer discernment, and more sattvic karma.