Shloka 29

Description of Sinners Abiding in Yama’s Realm

Catalog of Transgressions and the Logic of Retribution

Devanagari script

तानि वै कथयिष्यामि श्रूयतां द्विजसत्तमाः ॥ वैशम्पायन उवाच ॥ एवं तस्य वचः श्रुत्वा सर्व एव तपोधनाः ॥

Transliteration

tāni vai kathayiṣyāmi śrūyatāṁ dvijasattamāḥ || vaiśampāyana uvāca || evaṁ tasya vacaḥ śrutvā sarva eva tapodhanāḥ

Translation

“Perkara-perkara itu sungguh akan aku ceritakan—dengarlah, wahai yang terbaik antara para dvija.” Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Demikian, setelah mendengar kata-katanya, semua yang kaya dengan tapa…”

Word by Word

• तानि: those (things)
• तानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (Acc. 2), बहुवचन (pl.)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• कथयिष्यामि: I will tell
• कथयिष्यामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु; √कथ् caus.)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Fut.), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st), एकवचन (sg.), परस्मैपद (P.)

• श्रूयताम्: let it be heard
• श्रूयताम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imp.), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), आत्मनेपद (Ā.); ‘let it be heard’

• द्विज-सत्तमाः: O best of the twice-born
• द्विज-सत्तमाः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः: ‘द्विजानां सत्तमाः’), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Voc.), बहुवचन (pl.)

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaiśampāyana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perf.), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.), परस्मैपद (P.)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• तस्य: of him, his
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (m./n.), षष्ठी (Gen. 6), एकवचन (sg.)

• वचः: speech, words
• वचः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), बहुवचन (pl.)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (restrictive/emphatic particle)

• तपोधनाः: ascetics rich in austerity
• तपोधनाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (‘तपः धनं येषां ते’), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), बहुवचन (pl.)

Speaker

Vaiśampāyana

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"None"}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false,"speaker_role":"observer","bhu_devi_state":"None","key_question":"None"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false,"topic":"None","instruction_summary":"None","karmic_consequence":"None"}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"hermeneutics/tradition","core_concept":"Dharma-knowledge is preserved and activated through attentive listening (śravaṇa) within a recognized lineage of speakers.","practical_application":"Practice disciplined listening/recitation; treat teachings as living instruction by engaging in śravaṇa and reflection within community/lineage."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Textual transmission","Narrative framing","Didactic setting"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: None

Geographic Context

Type: sabhā/āśrama narrative setting (implied)

Cross References

Related Themes: 195.195.3 (content that follows: failure to understand highest excellence); 196.1.0 (next section: Dharmarāja-pura description)

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A recitation hall: Vaiśampāyana addressing an assembly of dvijas/ṛṣis; listeners attentive, seated in rows; the narrator’s gesture inviting listening.","item_prompts":["sage narrator with staff/kamaṇḍalu","assembly of twice-born with sacred threads","palm-leaf manuscripts","listening posture (śravaṇa)","simple āśrama pavilion"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: frontal narrator with expressive hand-mudrā; symmetrical rows of sages; warm earthy palette.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: central narrator with gold halo; ornate borders; audience in smaller scale; manuscript details highlighted with gold accents.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: elegant courtly-āśrama blend; refined faces; subdued background; emphasis on calm attention.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: hillside āśrama setting; clustered sages; crisp narrative composition; delicate trees and pavilion."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"formal, invitational","suggested_raga":"Kedar","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"steady, resonant, storyteller cadence"}

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narratology
• Sanskrit Philology
• Oral Tradition

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves the recitational frame characteristic of Purāṇic literature, indicating an oral/performative context and a chain of narration.

Which geographic location is identified?

No location is specified in this framing segment.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

It emphasizes attentive listening and disciplined reception of teaching within a learned assembly.