Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 97

Devanagari script

तथा च श्रुतिः । यदैवादित्योऽथ वसन्तो यदा संगविकोऽथ ग्रीष्मो यदा वा माध्यंदिनोऽथ वर्षा यदपराह्णोऽथ शरत् । घदेवास्तमेत्यथ हेमन्त इति

Transliteration

tathā ca śrutiḥ | yadaivādityo'tha vasanto yadā saṃgaviko'tha grīṣmo yadā vā mādhyaṃdino'tha varṣā yadaparāhṇo'tha śarat | ghadevāstametyatha hemanta iti

Translation

Dan demikianlah śruti berkata: ketika matahari terbit, itulah musim bunga; ketika saṃgava, itulah musim panas; ketika madhyāhna, itulah musim hujan; ketika aparāhṇa, itulah musim luruh; dan ketika para dewa beristirahat saat matahari terbenam, itulah musim sejuk—demikianlah dikatakan.

Word by Word

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner: 'thus')

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction 'and')

• śrutiḥ: the śruti (scriptural statement)
• śrutiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śruti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st case nominative); एकवचन

• yadā: when
• yadā: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb 'when')

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)

• ādityaḥ: the Sun
• ādityaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Sequencer/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनन्तरार्थक/क्रमसूचक (then/thereupon)

• vasantaḥ: spring
• vasantaḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasanta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• yadā: when
• yadā: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक

• saṃgavikaḥ: the forenoon (saṅgava time)
• saṃgavikaḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃgavika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन; (संगव-सम्बद्धः)

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Sequencer/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमसूचक

• grīṣmaḥ: summer
• grīṣmaḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: grīṣma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• yadā: when
• yadā: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (Alternative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)

• mādhyaṃdinaḥ: midday time
• mādhyaṃdinaḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mādhyaṃdina (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Sequencer/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमसूचक

• varṣāḥ: the rains (rainy season)
• varṣāḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; बहुवचन (ऋतुवाचक)

• yadā: when
• yadā: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक

• aparāhṇaḥ: afternoon
• aparāhṇaḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aparāhṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Sequencer/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमसूचक

• śarat: autumn
• śarat: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (ऋतुवाचक)

• gha: (unclear reading)
• gha: Sambandha (Unclear/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: gha (अव्यय/पाठभेद)
• Form: पाठदोष/अस्पष्टपाठ; सम्भाव्यं 'yadā' इत्यादि; अव्ययत्वेन ग्रहणम्

• devaḥ: the god (Sun)
• devaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• astam: setting (to the west)
• astam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd case accusative); एकवचन; (अस्तं=अस्तगमनम्)

• etya: having gone
• etya: Kriya (Gerundial action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: i (इ धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); 'इ' धातोः; अव्ययभावेन प्रयोगः; (having gone)

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Sequencer/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमसूचक

• hemantaḥ: winter (hemanta)
• hemantaḥ: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hemanta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (Quotation marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरणसमाप्तिसूचक (quotative particle)

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) quoting Śruti (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A fivefold tableau: the same sun across the sky paired with five seasonal vignettes—spring blossoms at sunrise, summer heat at saṃgava, monsoon clouds at midday, autumn clarity in afternoon, winter stillness at sunset—framed as śruti wisdom taught at Prabhāsa.

Characters & Entities

• Śruti
• Āditya (Sun)
• Vasanta
• Grīṣma
• Varṣā
• Śarat
• Hemanta
• Devas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Time is sacred and cyclical; daily divisions mirror seasonal order, reinforcing cosmic harmony in ritual life.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa-kṣetra indirectly, by teaching the cosmic-time framework used to perform its praised rites correctly.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

A śruti-based mapping of day-segments to seasons, supporting the selection of auspicious timing for rites like Śrāddha.