Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 7

Devanagari script

देवान्पितॄन्मनुष्यांश्च तर्पितव्यं तिलाक्षतैः । उपहृत्योपहारांश्च ह्याहूय ब्राह्मणांस्ततः

Transliteration

devānpitṝnmanuṣyāṃśca tarpitavyaṃ tilākṣataiḥ | upahṛtyopahārāṃśca hyāhūya brāhmaṇāṃstataḥ

Translation

Dengan bijan dan butir beras, hendaklah dipersembahkan tarpaṇa (curahan pemuasan) kepada para dewa, para leluhur, dan juga manusia; kemudian bawalah persembahan dan undanglah para brāhmaṇa sesudah itu.

Word by Word

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन

• पितॄन्: the ancestors
• पितॄन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• मनुष्यांश्: human beings
• मनुष्यांश्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तर्पितव्यम्: should be propitiated
• तर्पितव्यम्: Vidhi (Injunction/विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप् (धातु) → तर्पितव्य (कृदन्त, तव्यत्)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (कर्तव्यता/भावे), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘should be satisfied (by offering)’

• तिल-अक्षतैः: with sesame and unbroken rice
• तिल-अक्षतैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्षत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व (तिलाश्च अक्षताश्च), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन

• उपहृत्य: having presented
• उपहृत्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-हृ (धातु) → उपहृत्य (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having offered/brought’

• उपहारान्: offerings/gifts
• उपहारान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Emphasis/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• आहूय: having invited
• आहूय: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-ह्वे (धातु) → आहूय (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having invited/called’

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kriya-vishesana (Sequence/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रम/अनन्तरवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereafter)

Speaker

Deductive (Dvārakā Māhātmya context within Prabhāsa Khaṇḍa): a Purāṇic narrator prescribing tīrtha-ritual sequence

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Dvārakā tarpaṇa-tīrtha observance

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: At the water’s edge, the pilgrim performs tarpaṇa, letting water stream through fingers with sesame and rice grains; nearby are arranged offerings, and brāhmaṇas are respectfully approached/invited.

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Pitṛs
• Brāhmaṇas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma includes gratitude and reciprocity—honoring devas, pitṛs, and society through offerings and respectful hospitality.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Dvārakā is the implied tīrtha context where these offerings gain heightened merit.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Perform tarpaṇa using sesame and unbroken rice, then present offerings and formally invite brāhmaṇas.