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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 11

त्रिविधस्त्वतिथिः प्रोक्तो गृहस्थानां द्विजोत्तमाः । तस्याहं वच्मि वः कालं शृणुध्वं सुसमाहिताः

trividhastvatithiḥ prokto gṛhasthānāṃ dvijottamāḥ | tasyāhaṃ vacmi vaḥ kālaṃ śṛṇudhvaṃ susamāhitāḥ

Wahai yang terbaik antara kaum dvija (dua kali lahir), tetamu bagi para gṛhastha dikatakan ada tiga jenis. Aku akan menyatakan kepada kamu waktu yang sesuai bagi mereka—dengarlah dengan hati yang tertumpu.

trividhaḥthreefold
trividhaḥ:
Karta (Predicate adjective/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (त्रयः विधाः यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; (atithiḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
tuindeed; but
tu:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
atithiḥguest
atithiḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootatithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन
proktaḥis declared
proktaḥ:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-vac (वच् धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formवच्-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि-भाव (said/declared)
gṛhasthānāmof householders
gṛhasthānām:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛhastha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/genitive), बहुवचन
dvijottamāḥO best of the twice-born
dvijottamāḥ:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (उत्तमाः द्विजाः); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे (vocative sense by context)
tasyaof that; its
tasya:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन
vacmisay; tell
vacmi:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
vaḥto you
vaḥ:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; चतुर्थी/षष्ठी (4th dative / 6th genitive), बहुवचन; अत्र चतुर्थी (to you)
kālamtime; occasion
kālam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन
śṛṇudhvamlisten
śṛṇudhvam:
Kriya (Command/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (श्रु धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), आत्मनेपद; मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन
su-samāhitāḥwell-attentive; well-composed
su-samāhitāḥ:
Karta (Addressee qualifier/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय-उपसर्ग) + sam-ā-dhā (धा धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formसमाधा-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘सु’ उपसर्गेण विशेषित; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/nominative), बहुवचन; (यूयं इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

Deductive (Nāgarakhaṇḍa Tīrthamāhātmya narration; likely Sūta speaking to sages)

Type: kshetra

Listener: Dvijoत्तamāḥ (assembled brāhmaṇas/elite twice-born)

Scene: A teacher addresses a circle of attentive brāhmaṇas, counting three types of guests on his fingers; behind him, symbolic icons of śrāddha, vaiśvadeva, and a solar-related observance indicate the forthcoming timing rules.

A
Atithi
G
Gṛhastha
D
Dvijottama

FAQs

Hospitality is structured by dharma: knowing the types of guests and their proper occasions preserves ritual purity and merit.

The verse is instructional; it does not name a particular tīrtha within its wording.

A classification of guests into three kinds and an instruction to observe their appropriate times (kāla).