Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 19

Devanagari script

संयतोपस्करादक्षा हृष्टा व्यय पराङ्मुखी । कुर्यात्त्वयाननुज्ञाता नोपवासव्रतादिकम्

Transliteration

saṃyatopaskarādakṣā hṛṣṭā vyaya parāṅmukhī | kuryāttvayānanujñātā nopavāsavratādikam

Translation

Isteri yang cekap mengurus peralatan rumah tangga, berjiwa gembira dan berpaling daripada pembaziran; tanpa keizinanmu janganlah dia melakukan puasa, vrata (nazar suci) dan amalan seumpamanya.

Word by Word

• saṃyata-upaskarā: having restrained/kept in order the belongings
• saṃyata-upaskarā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṃyata (कृदन्त/विशेषण, √yam धातु) + upaskara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः; विशेषणम् (fem. nom. sg.)

• dakṣā: capable, diligent
• dakṣā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dakṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (fem. nom. sg.)

• hṛṣṭā: delighted
• hṛṣṭā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (कृदन्त, √hṛṣ धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (fem. nom. sg.)

• vyaye: in expenditure; in spending
• vyaye: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरणम् (loc. sg.)

• parāṅmukhī: turned away (from); averse
• parāṅmukhī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parāṅmukhī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (fem. nom. sg.)

• kuryāt: she should do/perform
• kuryāt: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया? (न) तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; करणम्/हेतुः (instr. sg.)

• ananujñātā: not permitted/approved
• ananujñātā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an-anujñāta (कृदन्त, √jñā धातु, अनु-उपसर्ग)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः; विशेषणम् (fem. nom. sg.)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्ययम् (negation particle)

• upavāsa-vrata-ādikam: fasting-vows and the like
• upavāsa-vrata-ādikam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upavāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + vrata (प्रातिपदिक) + ādika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (upavāsa-vrata; ādika-प्रत्ययार्थः ‘etc.’); कर्म (acc. sg.)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced, Kāśīkhaṇḍa context)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī-kṣetra (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A well-ordered Kāśī household: the wife managing utensils and stores with restraint, seeking her husband’s assent before taking up a vow; in the background, a glimpse of ghāṭas and temple spires indicating the sacred city setting.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma must be practiced with harmony and responsibility—religious vows should not disrupt household order or mutual obligations.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse is part of Kāśī-khaṇḍa’s broader instruction on righteous living associated with the sanctity of Kāśī.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Upavāsa and vrata are mentioned, with the rule that they should not be performed without the husband’s consent in this context.