Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 2

Devanagari script

सर्वेषामुपकाराय कपिभिर्निर्मितं द्विजाः । रावणादिषु रक्षःसु हतेषु तदनंतरम्

Transliteration

sarveṣāmupakārāya kapibhirnirmitaṃ dvijāḥ | rāvaṇādiṣu rakṣaḥsu hateṣu tadanaṃtaram

Translation

Wahai para dvija, tīrtha ini dibina oleh para kapi (Vānara) demi kesejahteraan semua, sejurus selepas para rākṣasa yang diketuai Rāvaṇa ditewaskan.

Word by Word

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• सर्वेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे (समूहवाचक), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/6th), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• उपकाराय: for the benefit
• उपकाराय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः (Dative/4th), एकवचनम् (Singular)

• कपिभिः: by the monkeys
• कपिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• निर्मितम्: made, constructed
• निर्मितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि + मि (धातु) → निर्मित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Nom./Acc.), एकवचनम् (Singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle)

• द्विजाः: O twice-born (brāhmaṇas)
• द्विजाः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), बहुवचनम् (Plural); सम्बोधनार्थे अपि प्रयुज्यते (often vocative sense)

• रावणादिषु: among Rāvaṇa and others
• रावणादिषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), बहुवचनम् (Plural); तत्पुरुषः: 'रावणः आदिः येषां ते' (rāvaṇa and others)

• रक्षःसु: among the rākṣasas
• रक्षःसु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), बहुवचनम् (Plural)

• हतेषु: when (they) were slain / among the slain
• हतेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), बहुवचनम् (Plural); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)

• तत्: then/thereupon
• तत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-पूर्वपदवत् प्रयोगः (as part of adverbial expression)

• अनन्तरम्: immediately after
• अनन्तरम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनन्तरम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb: 'immediately after')

Speaker

Sūta (continued narration)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kapitīrtha

Type: tirtha

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Dvijāḥ/Ṛṣayaḥ

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Vānara hosts, still bearing marks of battle’s end, build steps and a sacred ford on a mountain stream; the shadow of the slain rākṣasas fades, replaced by a tīrtha fit for all beings.

Characters & Entities

• Kapitīrtha
• Vānara (kapi)
• Rāvaṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Holy places are portrayed as acts of loka-saṅgraha—created for the spiritual welfare of all beings, rooted in dharmic history.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kapitīrtha, said to have been established by the Vānara hosts.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit ritual; the verse gives the tīrtha’s origin and auspicious historical timing.