Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 88

Devanagari script

न स्वातन्त्र्यं ममैवास्ति उत्पन्नाहं महत्कुले । याच्यस्तु मत्पिता भ्राता मातापि हि तथैव च

Transliteration

na svātantryaṃ mamaivāsti utpannāhaṃ mahatkule | yācyastu matpitā bhrātā mātāpi hi tathaiva ca

Translation

Aku tidak mempunyai kebebasan sendiri, kerana aku lahir dalam keturunan yang mulia. Maka hendaklah engkau memohon kepada ayahku, saudaraku, dan ibuku juga, demikianlah sepatutnya.

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• svātantryam: independence
• svātantryam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svātantrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; abstract noun

• mama: of me / my
• mama: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th case/genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• asti: is/exists
• asti: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (अस् धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• utpannā: born
• utpannā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: utpad (उत्पद् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; ‘अहं’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• mahatkule: in a great family
• mahatkule: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक) + kula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (विशेषण-विशेष्यभावः: महत् + कुल); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case/locative), एकवचन

• yācyaḥ: to be entreated/asked
• yācyaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yāc (याच् धातु) + ya (य)
• Form: यत्/य-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/भाव्य); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; ‘मत्पिता’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वयार्थक-अव्यय (but/indeed)

• matpitā: my father
• matpitā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad (अस्मद्-षष्ठी) + pitṛ (पितृ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: मत् + पिता); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• bhrātā: (my) brother
• bhrātā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (भ्रातृ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• mātā: mother
• mātā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (मातृ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कारार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/हेतौ-अव्यय (indeed/for)

• tathā: thus/so
• tathā: Sambandha (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• eva: just/indeed
• eva: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Kanyā (the maiden/cowherd girl)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā) tīrtha-context (general)

Type: river

Visual Art Cues

Scene: On the bank of the Revā, a noble maiden speaks with composed firmness, indicating her dependence on father, brother, and mother for decision; the setting suggests a pilgrimage landscape with river steps and trees.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Marriage is portrayed as a dharmic alliance requiring proper approach and consent through family/guardians.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

None is specified in this verse; it is part of the Revā (Narmadā) region narrative.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No ritual is detailed; it indicates the customary protocol of formally requesting the family.