Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 41

Devanagari script

तत्र तीर्थे तु यः स्नात्वा ह्युपवासपरायणः । चैत्रमासे चतुर्दश्यां मदनस्य दिनेऽथवा

Transliteration

tatra tīrthe tu yaḥ snātvā hyupavāsaparāyaṇaḥ | caitramāse caturdaśyāṃ madanasya dine'thavā

Translation

Dan sesiapa yang di tīrtha itu mandi suci serta berpegang teguh pada upavāsa—pada hari keempat belas bulan Caitra, atau pada hari yang disucikan bagi Madana (Kāma)—

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• तीर्थे: at the sacred ford/place
• तीर्थे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• तु: indeed; but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषणार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• यः: who (whoever)
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-यत् (relative pronoun)

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु) → स्नात्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): ‘having bathed’

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• उपवासपरायणः: devoted to fasting
• उपवासपरायणः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपवास + परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (उपवासे परायणः = devoted to fasting)

• चैत्रमासे: in the month of Caitra
• चैत्रमासे: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्र + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (चैत्रः मासः)

• चतुर्दश्याम्: on the fourteenth lunar day
• चतुर्दश्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्दशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• मदनस्य: of Madana (Kāmadeva)
• मदनस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• दिने: on the day
• दिने: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• अथवा: or else
• अथवा: Sambandha (Alternative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथवा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive: or)

Speaker

Narrator

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kusumeśvara-tīrtha

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: King (Rājendra)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Pilgrims at a river-tīrtha undertake a vow of fasting; the lunar date is marked; they prepare for ritual bathing at Kusumeśvara-tīrtha under springtime Caitra skies.

Characters & Entities

• Tīrtha (Kusumeśvara context)
• Caitra (month)
• Madana (Kāma/Kāmadeva)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Pilgrimage is completed by discipline: tīrtha-snānā and upavāsa transform a visit into dharmic merit.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The “tatra tīrtha” refers to the Kusumeśvara-associated tīrtha established in the preceding verse, within the Revā Khaṇḍa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna (bathing) at the tīrtha along with upavāsa (fasting), especially on Caitra śukla/kr̥ṣṇa caturdaśī and/or Madana’s sacred day.