Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

आदित्यत्वं कथं प्राप्तः कथं भास्कर उच्यते । सर्वमेतत्समासेन कथयस्व ममानघ

Transliteration

ādityatvaṃ kathaṃ prāptaḥ kathaṃ bhāskara ucyate | sarvametatsamāsena kathayasva mamānagha

Translation

Bagaimanakah baginda memperoleh kedudukan sebagai Āditya, dan mengapa baginda disebut Bhāskara? Wahai yang suci tanpa dosa, ceritakanlah semuanya kepadaku secara ringkas.

Word by Word

• आदित्यत्वम्: the state of being Āditya (Sunhood)
• आदित्यत्वम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + त्व (तद्धित-प्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धित (त्व)

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)

• प्राप्तः: attained
• प्राप्तः: Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + आप् (धातु) → प्राप्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)

• भास्कर: O Bhāskara (Sun)
• भास्कर: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (सम्बोधनार्थे प्रथमा-रूप)

• उच्यते: is called
• उच्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• समासेन: briefly, in summary
• समासेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कथयस्व: tell
• कथयस्व: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु; णिच् from कथ्)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मम: to me / of me
• मम: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Genitive)

• अनघ: O sinless one
• अनघ: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

Speaker

Yudhiṣṭhira

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā-khaṇḍa (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Mārkaṇḍeya

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The king asks for a concise account of how Sūrya became an Āditya and why he is called Bhāskara—an intimate didactic moment emphasizing clarity and lineage.

Characters & Entities

• Bhāskara
• Āditya (Sūrya)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred epithets are treated as gateways to understanding divine function and dharma through origin narratives.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Not directly; it sets up the explanation connected to Ravi-tīrtha in the surrounding chapter.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None.