Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 30

Devanagari script

संक्रान्तौ च व्यतीपाते अयने विषुवे तथा । नर्मदाया जले स्नात्वा यस्तु पूजयते रविम्

Transliteration

saṃkrāntau ca vyatīpāte ayane viṣuve tathā | narmadāyā jale snātvā yastu pūjayate ravim

Translation

Pada Saṅkrānti, pada Vyatīpāta, pada waktu ayana (solstis), dan juga pada viṣuva (ekuinoks)—sesiapa yang mandi di air Narmadā lalu memuja Dewa Surya…

Word by Word

• saṃkrāntau: at the saṃkrānti (solar transit)
• saṃkrāntau: Adhikaraṇa (Time-locus/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃkrānti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Connector (Samuccaya/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ (conjunction)

• vyatīpāte: at the vyatīpāta (astronomical conjunction)
• vyatīpāte: Adhikaraṇa (Time-locus/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyatīpāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन

• ayane: at the solstice (ayana)
• ayane: Adhikaraṇa (Time-locus/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन

• viṣuve: at the equinox
• viṣuve: Adhikaraṇa (Time-locus/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣu/viṣuva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन

• tathā: also
• tathā: Connector/Correlative (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/एवमेव (also/likewise)

• narmadāyāḥ: of the Narmadā
• narmadāyāḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: narmadā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन

• jale: in water
• jale: Adhikaraṇa (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन

• snātvā: having bathed
• snātvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √snā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): 'having bathed'

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम (relative)

• tu: indeed
• tu: Discourse particle (Nipāta/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधानार्थ निपात (particle)

• pūjayate: worships
• pūjayate: Kriyā (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pūj (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• ravim: the Sun
• ravim: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ravi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

Speaker

Sūta (deduced; tīrtha-māhātmya instructional sequence)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Narmadā (Revā)

Type: tirtha

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Dawn on the Narmadā: pilgrims descend stone steps to the river, perform snāna; then, standing waist-deep, they offer arghya to the rising Sun with cupped hands; saffron light reflects on water; priests with bells and lamps on the ghat.

Characters & Entities

• Narmadā (Revā)
• Ravi (Sūrya)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred time (parva-kāla) joined with sacred place (Revā/Narmadā) and deity-worship (Sūrya) amplifies dharmic merit.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Revā/Narmadā river tīrtha—bathing in Narmadā is presented as a powerful purifier when paired with worship.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Bathe in the Narmadā during key astronomical junctures (Saṅkrānti, Vyatīpāta, ayana, viṣuva) and worship Ravi (Sūrya).