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Shloka 69

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

जलं चैव सदा देयमन्नं क्षुद्व्याधिशांतये । क्षेत्रं धान्यं तथाऽऽमान्नमन्नमेवं चतुर्विधम्

jalaṃ caiva sadā deyamannaṃ kṣudvyādhiśāṃtaye | kṣetraṃ dhānyaṃ tathā''mānnamannamevaṃ caturvidham

Air hendaklah sentiasa diberikan; dan makanan hendaklah diberikan untuk meredakan lapar dan penyakit. Demikian juga tanah, bijirin, serta bekalan mentah yang belum dimasak patut dipersembahkan—maka ‘sedekah makanan’ itu berwujud empat jenis.

जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed/also
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक निपात (emphasis)
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)
देयम्should be given
देयम्:
Vidhi (विधि)
TypeAdjective
Rootदा (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (भाव्य/कर्तव्य), ‘देय’ (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
क्षुत्-व्याधि-शान्तयेfor the alleviation of hunger and disease
क्षुत्-व्याधि-शान्तये:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुत् + व्याधि + शान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; समासः क्षुत्+व्याधि (द्वन्द्वः) + शान्ति (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘क्षुत्व्याध्योः शान्तिः’)
क्षेत्रम्land/field
क्षेत्रम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
धान्यम्grain
धान्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootधान्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: ‘likewise’)
आम-अन्नम्uncooked food
आम-अन्नम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआम + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः आम (कच्च/अपरिपक्व) + अन्न (कर्मधारयः)
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पुनरुक्त्या प्रकारभेदः सूचितः
एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: ‘thus’)
चतुर्विधम्fourfold
चतुर्विधम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः चतुर् (संख्या) + विध (द्विगु-समासः)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Jyotirlinga: Viśvanātha

Sthala Purana: Kāśī’s Annapūrṇā tradition complements Viśvanātha worship: feeding (anna-dāna) and water-giving are treated as direct welfare acts under Śiva’s lordship, sustaining pilgrims and seekers.

Significance: Anna-dāna and jala-dāna are classic pilgrim merits in Kāśī; they purify the giver, relieve suffering, and support dharma—preparing the soul for Śiva’s grace.

Shakti Form: Annapūrṇā

Role: nurturing

Offering: naivedya

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches that compassion expressed through dāna—especially relieving hunger and illness—is a direct Shaiva virtue, purifying the giver and supporting dharma, which becomes a foundation for bhakti and inner clarity.

In Saguna Shiva worship, offerings are not limited to ritual at the Liṅga; serving living beings through water and food-gifts is treated as service to Shiva’s manifested presence in the world, complementing temple worship.

The practical takeaway is jaladāna and annadāna—giving water and food (including grain, land for cultivation, or uncooked provisions) as a regular vow, especially on Shiva days, alongside mantra-japa such as the Pañcākṣarī.